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源码包编译实例
下面通过编译安装httpd来深入理解源码包安装(httpd-2.4.54)
下载编译工具,httpd以及其两个依赖包的源码包
//源码包建议到官方网站下载
[root@lnh ~]# mkdir xbz [root@lnh ~]# cd xbz/ [root@lnh xbz]# dnf -y install gcc gcc-c++ make wget [root@lnh xbz]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/apache/httpd/httpd-2.4.54.tar.gz [root@lnh xbz]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/apache/apr/apr-1.7.0.tar.gz [root@lnh xbz]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz [root@lnh xbz]# ls apr-1.7.0.tar.gz apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz httpd-2.4.54.tar.gz 安装apr
[root@lnh xbz]# ls apr-1.7.0.tar.gz apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz httpd-2.4.54.tar.gz [root@lnh xbz]# tar -xf apr-1.7.0.tar.gz [root@lnh xbz]# ls apr-1.7.0 apr-1.7.0.tar.gz apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz httpd-2.4.54.tar.gz //将apr解压到当前目录 [root@lnh xbz]# cd apr-1.7.0/ [root@lnh apr-1.7.0]# ls apr-config.in build-outputs.mk helpers misc strings apr.dep CHANGES include mmap support apr.dsp CMakeLists.txt libapr.dep network_io tables apr.dsw config.layout libapr.dsp NOTICE test apr.mak configure libapr.mak NWGNUmakefile threadproc apr.pc.in configure.in libapr.rc passwd time apr.spec docs LICENSE poll tools atomic dso locks random user build emacs-mode Makefile.in README build.conf encoding Makefile.win README.cmake buildconf file_io memory shmem //进入这个源码包可以看见里面被解压出来的东西 [root@lnh apr-1.7.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/src/apr ... configure: creating ./config.status config.status: creating Makefile config.status: creating include/apr.h config.status: creating build/apr_rules.mk config.status: creating build/pkg/pkginfo config.status: creating apr-1-config config.status: creating apr.pc config.status: creating test/Makefile config.status: creating test/internal/Makefile config.status: creating include/arch/unix/apr_private.h config.status: executing libtool commands rm: cannot remove 'libtoolT': No such file or directory config.status: executing default commands //生成Makefile 一般常用的有 --prefix=PREFIX 这个选项的意思是定义软件包安装到哪里 建议，源码包都是安装在/opt/目录下或者/usr/local/src目录下面 [root@lnh apr-1.7.0]# make ... gcc -E -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -I./include -I/root/xbz/apr-1.7.0/include/arch/unix -I./include/arch/unix -I/root/xbz/apr-1.7.0/include/arch/unix -I/root/xbz/apr-1.7.0/include -I/root/xbz/apr-1.7.0/include/private -I/root/xbz/apr-1.7.0/include/private export_vars.c | sed -e 's/^#[^!]*//' | sed -e '/^$/d' >> apr.exp sed 's,^(location=).*$,1installed,' < apr-1-config > apr-config.out sed -e 's,^(apr_build.*=).*$,1/usr/local/src/apr/build-1,' -e 's,^(top_build.*=).*$,1/usr/local/src/apr/build-1,' < build/apr_rules.mk > build/apr_rules.out make[1]: Leaving directory '/root/xbz/apr-1.7.0' //编译生成Makefile，此处虽然出现了make[1]: Leaving directory '/root/xbz/apr-1.7.0'，但是没关系可以继续进行下一步安装 [root@lnh apr-1.7.0]# make install ... /usr/bin/install -c -m 755 /root/xbz/apr-1.7.0/build/mkdir.sh /usr/local/src/apr/build-1 for f in make_exports.awk make_var_export.awk; do /usr/bin/install -c -m 644 /root/xbz/apr-1.7.0/build/${f} /usr/local/src/apr/build-1; done /usr/bin/install -c -m 644 build/apr_rules.out /usr/local/src/apr/build-1/apr_rules.mk /usr/bin/install -c -m 755 apr-config.out /usr/local/src/apr/bin/apr-1-config //进行安装 [root@lnh apr-1.7.0]# cd /usr/local/src/apr/ [root@lnh apr]# ls bin build-1 include lib //进入apr的路径进行查看，默认情况下，系统搜索库文件的路径只有/lib，/usr/lib，我们需要进行修改在/etc/ld.so.conf.d/中创建以.conf为后缀名的文件，而后把要增添的路径直接写至此文件中。此时库文件增添的搜索路径重启后有效，若要使用增添的路径立即生效则要使用ldconfig命令 [root@lnh apr]# cd /etc/ld.so.conf.d/ [root@lnh ld.so.conf.d]# echo /usr/local/src/apr/lib/ >apr.conf [root@lnh ld.so.conf.d]# cd - /usr/local/src/apr //切换到前一个工作目录 [root@lnh apr]# ldconfig //使命令生效 [root@lnh apr]# ln -s /usr/local/src/apr/include/ /usr/include/apr [root@lnh apr]# ll /usr/include/apr lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 27 Jul 12 20:31 /usr/include/apr -> /usr/local/src/apr/include/ //将头文件软链接到/usr/include目录下 安装apr-util
[root@lnh xbz]# dnf -y install expat-devel libxml2-devel pcre-devel //需要先安装这个依赖 [root@lnh xbz]# ls apr-1.7.0 apr-1.7.0.tar.gz apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz httpd-2.4.54.tar.gz [root@lnh xbz]# tar -xf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz [root@lnh xbz]# ls apr-1.7.0 apr-util-1.6.1 httpd-2.4.54.tar.gz apr-1.7.0.tar.gz apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz //解压到当前目录 [root@lnh xbz]# cd apr-util-1.6.1/ [root@lnh apr-util-1.6.1]# ls aprutil.dep CHANGES include NWGNUmakefile aprutil.dsp CMakeLists.txt ldap README aprutil.dsw config.layout libaprutil.dep README.cmake aprutil.mak configure libaprutil.dsp README.FREETDS apr-util.pc.in configure.in libaprutil.mak redis apr-util.spec crypto libaprutil.rc renames_pending apu-config.in dbd LICENSE strmatch buckets dbm Makefile.in test build docs Makefile.win uri build.conf encoding memcache xlate buildconf export_vars.sh.in misc xml build-outputs.mk hooks NOTICE //进入源码包查看被解压出来的东西 [root@lnh apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/src/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/src/apr ... configure: creating ./config.status config.status: creating Makefile config.status: creating export_vars.sh config.status: creating build/pkg/pkginfo config.status: creating apr-util.pc config.status: creating apu-1-config config.status: creating include/private/apu_select_dbm.h config.status: creating include/apr_ldap.h config.status: creating include/apu.h config.status: creating include/apu_want.h config.status: creating test/Makefile config.status: creating include/private/apu_config.h config.status: executing default commands //生成Makefile文件，需要伴随着上一个指定的依赖 [root@lnh apr-util-1.6.1]# make ... gcc -E -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -I/root/xbz/apr-util-1.6.1/include -I/root/xbz/apr-util-1.6.1/include/private -I/usr/local/src/apr/include/apr-1 exports.c | grep "ap_hack_" | sed -e 's/^.*[)](.*);$/1/' >> aprutil.exp gcc -E -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -I/root/xbz/apr-util-1.6.1/include -I/root/xbz/apr-util-1.6.1/include/private -I/usr/local/src/apr/include/apr-1 export_vars.c | sed -e 's/^#[^!]*//' | sed -e '/^$/d' >> aprutil.exp sed 's,^(location=).*$,1installed,' < apu-1-config > apu-config.out make[1]: Leaving directory '/root/xbz/apr-util-1.6.1' //编译生成的Makefile文件，出现make[1]: Leaving directory '/root/xbz/apr-util-1.6.1'这个没有关系可以继续进行下一步安装 [root@lnh apr-util-1.6.1]# make install ... See any operating system documentation about shared libraries for more information, such as the ld(1) and ld.so(8) manual pages. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- /usr/bin/install -c -m 644 aprutil.exp /usr/local/src/apr-util/lib /usr/bin/install -c -m 755 apu-config.out /usr/local/src/apr-util/bin/apu-1-config //进行安装 [root@lnh apr-util-1.6.1]# cd /usr/local/src/apr-util/ [root@lnh apr-util]# ls bin include lib //切换到apr-util安装目录进行查看，默认情况下，系统搜索库文件的路径只有/lib，/usr/lib，我们需要进行修改在/etc/ld.so.conf.d/中创建以.conf为后缀名的文件，而后把要增添的路径直接写至此文件中。此时库文件增添的搜索路径重启后有效，若要使用增添的路径立即生效则要使用ldconfig命令 [root@lnh apr-util]# cd /etc/ld.so.conf.d/ [root@lnh ld.so.conf.d]# echo /usr/local/src/apr-util/ >apr-util.conf [root@lnh ld.so.conf.d]# cd - /usr/local/src/apr-util //切换到上一个工作目录 [root@lnh apr-util]# ldconfig //使其生效 [root@lnh apr-util]# ln -s /usr/local/src/apr-util/include/ /usr/include/apr-util [root@lnh apr-util]# ll /usr/include/apr-util lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 32 Jul 12 21:10 /usr/include/apr-util -> /usr/local/src/apr-util/include //将头文件软链接到/usr/include目录下 安装httpd
[root@lnh xbz]# tar -xf httpd-2.4.54.tar.gz [root@lnh xbz]# ls apr-1.7.0 apr-util-1.6.1 httpd-2.4.54 apr-1.7.0.tar.gz apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz httpd-2.4.54.tar.gz //解压到当前目录 [root@lnh xbz]# cd httpd-2.4.54/ [root@lnh httpd-2.4.54]# ls ABOUT_APACHE CMakeLists.txt InstallBin.dsp README acinclude.m4 config.layout LAYOUT README.CHANGES Apache-apr2.dsw configure libhttpd.dep README.cmake Apache.dsw configure.in libhttpd.dsp README.platforms apache_probes.d docs libhttpd.mak ROADMAP ap.d emacs-style LICENSE server build httpd.dep Makefile.in srclib BuildAll.dsp httpd.dsp Makefile.win support BuildBin.dsp httpd.mak modules test buildconf httpd.spec NOTICE VERSIONING CHANGES include NWGNUmakefile changes-entries INSTALL os //查看被解压出来的东西 [root@lnh httpd-2.4.54]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/src/httpd --with-apr=/usr/local/src/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/src/apr-util ... config.status: creating build/config_vars.sh config.status: creating include/ap_config_auto.h config.status: executing default commands configure: summary of build options: Server Version: 2.4.54 Install prefix: /usr/local/src/httpd C compiler: gcc CFLAGS: -g -O2 -pthread CPPFLAGS: -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE LDFLAGS: LIBS: C preprocessor: gcc -E //生成Makefile文件 [root@lnh httpd-2.4.54]# make ... /usr/local/src/apr/build-1/libtool --silent --mode=link gcc -g -O2 -pthread -o mod_rewrite.la -rpath /usr/local/src/httpd/modules -module -avoid-version mod_rewrite.lo make[4]: Leaving directory '/root/xbz/httpd-2.4.54/modules/mappers' make[3]: Leaving directory '/root/xbz/httpd-2.4.54/modules/mappers' make[2]: Leaving directory '/root/xbz/httpd-2.4.54/modules' make[2]: Entering directory '/root/xbz/httpd-2.4.54/support' make[2]: Leaving directory '/root/xbz/httpd-2.4.54/support' make[1]: Leaving directory '/root/xbz/httpd-2.4.54' //编译生成Makefile文件，出现的一些没有读取到的问题没有关系，继续进行下一步 [root@lnh httpd-2.4.54]# make install ... Installing man pages and online manual mkdir /usr/local/src/httpd/man mkdir /usr/local/src/httpd/man/man1 mkdir /usr/local/src/httpd/man/man8 mkdir /usr/local/src/httpd/manual make[1]: Leaving directory '/root/xbz/httpd-2.4.54' //进行安装 [root@lnh httpd-2.4.54]# cd /usr/local/src/httpd/ [root@lnh httpd]# ls bin cgi-bin error icons logs manual build conf htdocs include man modules //切换到httpd的安装目录进行查看，默认情况下，系统搜索库文件的路径只有/lib，/usr/lib [root@lnh httpd]# ln -s /usr/local/src/httpd/include/ /usr/include/httpd [root@lnh httpd]# ll /usr/include/httpd lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 29 Jul 12 21:23 /usr/include/httpd -> /usr/local/src/httpd/include/ //将头文件软链接到/usr/include目录下 [root@lnh httpd]# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/src/httpd/bin" > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh [root@lnh httpd]# source /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh //配置httpd的全局环境变量，并生成效果 [root@lnh httpd]# which httpd /usr/local/src/httpd/bin/httpd [root@lnh httpd]# vim /etc/man_db.conf MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/man MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/share/man MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/local/share/man MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/local/src/httpd/man //添加后面这一行 [root@lnh ~]# httpd AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using fe80::20c:29ff:fe57:f6f5%ens33. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message httpd (pid 35719) already running //启动服务 [root@lnh ~]# netstat -antp | grep httpd tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 35719/httpd [root@lnh ~]# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* //查看端口 [root@lnh ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service //关闭防火墙 服务80端口
将httpd服务加入systemd
[root@lnh ~]# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system [root@lnh system]# cp sshd.service httpd.service [root@lnh system]# vim httpd.service [Unit] Description=httpd server daemon //服务 After=network.target sshd-keygen.target [Service] Type=forking ExecStart=/usr/local/src/httpd/bin/httpd //服务安装的地方 开启 ExecStop=/usr/local/src/httpd/bin/httpd -s stop //停止 ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID //重新加载并发出信号(对pid对组程序的进程号)可留可删 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target [root@lnh system]# systemctl daemon-reload //重新加载一下并生效 [root@lnh system]# systemctl status httpd.service ● httpd.service - httpd server daemon Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; disabled; vendor > Active: inactive (dead) //查看一下是否有这个服务 [root@lnh system]# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* //这里要确保之前的httpd这个80端口关了，此处没有就是关了 [root@lnh system]# systemctl enable --now httpd.service Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service. //表示设置开机自启的同时候把它立刻启动 [root@lnh system]# systemctl status httpd.service ● httpd.service - httpd server daemon Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; enabled; vendor p> Active: active (running) since Tue 2022-07-12 23:15:02 CST; 2min 11s ago Process: 36389 ExecStart=/usr/local/src/httpd/bin/httpd (code=exited, sta> Main PID: 36390 (httpd) Tasks: 82 (limit: 11205) Memory: 24.3M CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service ├─36390 /usr/local/src/httpd/bin/httpd ├─36391 /usr/local/src/httpd/bin/httpd ├─36392 /usr/local/src/httpd/bin/httpd └─36393 /usr/local/src/httpd/bin/httpd Jul 12 23:15:02 lnh systemd[1]: Starting httpd server daemon... Jul 12 23:15:02 lnh httpd[36389]: AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determ> Jul 12 23:15:02 lnh systemd[1]: Started httpd server daemon. //查看状态，发现启动了并且也设置了开机自启 [root@lnh system]# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:* LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* //查看80端口 [root@lnh system]# systemctl disable httpd.service Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service. //关闭开机自启 
源码编译报错信息处理
checking for APR... no configure: error: APR not found. Please read the documentation. //解决方案 [root@lnh xbz]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/apache/apr/apr-1.7.0.tar.gz [root@lnh xbz]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz 提前把这两个依赖包安装好才可以进行生成Makefile文件 无法进行生成两个依赖包的Makefile文件 //解决方案 [root@lnh xbz]# dnf -y install gcc gcc-c++ make wget 提前下载编译工具 [root@lnh ~]# netstat -antp | grep httpd -bash: netstat: command not found //解决方案 [root@lnh ~]# dnf provides netstat dnf -y install net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64 //寻找需要的包并进行下载 
