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老子云：有道无术，术尚可求，有术无道,止于术。
咱开篇引用老子的话术，也没其它意思，只是最近学习中忽有感悟，索性就写了上来。
这句话用现代辩证思维理解，这里的”道“ 大抵是指方法论，解决大部分问题的一般发展规律，例如学习的方法，解决问题的方法，获取知识的方法。而这里的”术“就可以理解为解决具体问题的技术，例如，一门手艺，一项专业，一个技能等。老子的意思是要掌握一般事物的发展规律...
学习技术，也是一样，比如咱最近专注的3D技术，往行而上了说，道在于实践中求知的方法论，术在于熟练并应用技术的能力。而往行而下了讲，道在于3D具体执行的原理（了解掌握webgl），术则在于封装好的库的应用（了解掌握three.js）
不过现在静下心，看文字的很少了，上面说教了这么一堆废话，我也全当一说，你如读了，也权当一乐。要是有那么一点赞同，姑且也就这么滴吧。
序：
最近也很长时间没有记一些博文了，翻了一下之前的项目，重新以现在的角度审度之前的代码，看看有没有啥可以提炼，可以改进的点。温故而知新吗。
看自己之前写的代码，有些地方能发现一些惊喜，但大部分都是惊吓，都是写了啥啊，咋当时就这么写了，大多时候都是满脸的鄙夷。
这个项目还是好久前的项目，具体时候，不太记得了，是给杭州的一个泵业小镇做的智慧楼宇。当时说是智慧楼宇，但是监控的设备，并没有那么多。估计也是一个试点项目吧。
智慧楼宇的项目做过好多个，可以看看我之前的一些案例课程：
物联网3D，物业基础设施3D运维，使用webgl(three.js)与物联网设备结合案例。搭建智慧楼宇，智慧园区，3D园区、3D物业设施，3D楼宇管理系统——第八课
使用webgl(three.js)搭建3D智慧园区、3D大屏，3D楼宇，智慧灯杆三维展示，3D灯杆，web版3D,bim管理系统——第六课
闲话少序，咱么切入正题。
一、整体效果
首先我们先看一下整体的建模项目效果,如下：
二、功能展示
功能还是比较简单的，无非是一些多角度展示与简单几种设备检测
2.1、视角切换
视角切换比较再技术上实现比较简单，主要是改变主摄像机camera的属性
在场景中调整几个固定的角度，然后提取摄像机的属性值，再跟视角按钮做关联，这样就可以简单实现外场的视角切换了。
2.2、楼层切换
楼层切换稍微复杂一些，这里主要使用了按需加载，建模时也要考虑到具体场景的应用
楼层切换，首先考虑的是楼层再何时加载，如果一开始全部预加载好，这无疑是对性能与速度的浪费，其次是加载后是否需要销毁。
例如上图，场景复原后，内部楼层是否再可视范围内，对于webgl来说，在场景内的模型，都是需要进行计算绘制的，不管是否被遮挡。
再如上图，再次调用打开楼层时，如何处理动画，如何节约资源。这些都是主要的技术点。我们后面节点着重讲解方法。这里着重介绍功能
2.3、设备监控
智慧楼宇，数字孪生，主要核心在于采集端数据跟展示端数据的关联控制。
如上图 设备与楼层关联，定位某种类型设备时，自动展开楼层。
三、技术讲解
3.1、建模
建模除了固有的特效模型需要处理外，其它的就需要根据业务逻辑对模型进行分解，归类，本着不浪费新能，极致加载的原则。例如这个项目，我们模型分解如下：
3.1.1外立面模型框架
初见的场景，只做外立面模型，不做内部模型
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3.1.2、独立楼层模型
楼层模型按需加载，即用到时再加载，看不到时直接不加载或者隐藏，模型代码如下：
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3.1.3、具体楼层房间模型
这部分模型主要是对楼层模型进行分隔，楼层外围可以复制，内部不同，这样我们既可以通过分开建模的方式，实现控制
模型代码如下：
[ { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" }, "skin_left": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" }, "skin_right": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" } } }, "showSortNub": 19, "customType1": "", "customType2": "", "animation": null, "dbclickEvents": null, "rotation": [{ "direction": "x", "degree": 0 }, { "direction": "y", "degree": 0 }, { "direction": "z", "degree": 0 }], "thick": null, "scale": { "x": 1, "y": 1, "z": 1 }, "BindDevId": null, "BindDevName": null, "devInfo": null, "BindMeteId": null, "BindMeteName": null }, { "show": true, "uuid": "", "name": "br_f1_w_17", "objType": "cube2", "length": 900, "width": 15, "height": 300, "x": 889.653, "y": 136.966, "z": -315.791, "style": { "skinColor": 16777215, "skin": { "skin_up": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1 }, "skin_down": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1 }, "skin_fore": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" }, "skin_behind": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" }, "skin_left": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" }, "skin_right": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" } } }, "showSortNub": 19, "customType1": "", "customType2": "", "animation": null, "dbclickEvents": null, "rotation": [{ "direction": "x", "degree": 0 }, { "direction": "y", "degree": 0 }, { "direction": "z", "degree": 0 }], "thick": null, "scale": { "x": 1, "y": 1, "z": 1 }, "BindDevId": null, "BindDevName": null, "devInfo": null, "BindMeteId": null, "BindMeteNa 1 }, " mgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" } } }, "showSortNub": 19, "customType1": "", "customType2": "", "animation": null, "dbclickEvents": null, "rotation": [{ "direction": "x", "degree": 0 }, { "direction": "y", "degree": 0 }, { "direction": "z", "degree": 0 }], "thick": null, "scale": { "x": 1, "y": 1, "z": 1 }, "BindDevId": null, "BindDevName": null, "devInfo": null, "BindMeteId": null, "BindMeteName": null }, { "show": true, "uuid": "", "name": "br_f1_w_36", "objType": "cube2", "length": 700, "width": 15, "height": 300, "x": 5979.223, "y": 136.966, "z": -2274.46, "style": { "skinColor": 16777215, "skin": { "skin_up": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1 }, "skin_down": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1 }, "skin_fore": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" }, "skin_behind": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" }, "skin_left": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" }, "skin_right": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" } } }, "showSortNub": 19, "customType1": "", "customType2": "", "animation": null, "dbclickEvents": null, "rotation": [{ "direction": "x", "degree": 0 }, { "direction": "y", "degree": 0 }, { "direction": "z", "degree": 0 }], "thick": null, "scale": { "x": 1, "y": 1, "z": 1 }, "BindDevId": null, "BindDevName": null, "devInfo": null, "BindMeteId": null, "BindMeteName": null }, { "show": true, "uuid": "", "name": "br_f1_w_37", "objType": "cube2", "length": 15, "width": 400, "height": 300, "x": 6328.26, "y": 136.966, "z": -2469.455, "style": { "skinColor": 16777215, "skin": { "skin_up": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1 }, "skin_down": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1 }, "skin_fore": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" }, "skin_behind": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.jpg" }, "skin_left": { "skinColor": 50175, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/inside_lightmap.j egree": 0 }], "thick": null, "scale": { "x": 1, "y": 1, "z": 1 }, "BindDevId": null, "BindDevName": null, "devInfo": null, "BindMeteId": null, "BindMeteName": null }, { "name": "dev_f1_wsd_2OBJCREN1", "objType": "cylinder", "radiusTop": 16, "radiusBottom": 20, "height": 100, "segmentsX": 24, "segmentsY": 0, "openEnded": false, "position": { "x": -61.251, "y": 120.45, "z": 5.971 }, "scale": { "x": 1, "y": 1, "z": 1 }, "rotation": [{ "direction": "x", "degree": 0 }, { "direction": "y", "degree": 0 }, { "direction": "z", "degree": 0 }], "style": { "skinColor": 16776960, "skin": { "skin_up": { "skinColor": 16777215, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/wsd/wsd_3.jpg" }, "skin_down": { "skinColor": 16777215, "side": 1, "opacity": 1 }, "skin_side": { "skinColor": 16777215, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/wsd/wsd_4.jpg", "repeatx": true, "width": 3, "repeaty": true, "height": 1 } } }, "showSortNub": 7, "show": true, "customType1": "", "customType2": "", "animation": null, "dbclickEvents": null, "BindDevId": null, "BindDevName": null, "devInfo": null, "BindMeteId": null, "BindMeteName": null }, { "show": true, "uuid": "", "name": "dev_f1_wsd_2OBJCREN2", "objType": "cube2", "length": 210, "width": 20, "height": 160, "x": 0, "y": 0, "z": -61.333, "style": { "skinColor": 16777215, "skin": { "skin_up": { "skinColor": 16777215, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/wsd/wsd_3.jpg" }, "skin_down": { "skinColor": 16777215, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/wsd/wsd_3.jpg" }, "skin_fore": { "skinColor": 16777215, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/wsd/wsd_1.jpg" }, "skin_behind": { "skinColor": 16777215, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/wsd/wsd_1.jpg" }, "skin_left": { "skinColor": 16777215, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/wsd/wsd_1.jpg" }, "skin_right": { "skinColor": 16777215, "side": 1, "opacity": 1, "imgurl": "../img/3dImg/wsd/wsd_1.jpg" } } }, "showSortNub": 6, "customType1": "", "customType2": "", "animation": null, "dbclickEvents": null, "rotation": [{ "direction": "x", "degree": 0 }, { "direction": "y", "degree": 0 }, { "direction": "z", "degree": 0 }], "thick": null, "scale": { "x": 1, "y": 1, "z": 1 }, "BindDevId": null, "BindDevName": null, "devInfo": null, "BindMeteId": null, "BindMeteName": null }], "showSortNub": 43, "customType1": "", "customType2": "", "animation": null, "dbclickEvents": null, "BindDevId": null, "BindDevName": null, "devInfo": null, "BindMeteId": null, "BindMeteName": null }]
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3.2、逻辑代码
上面讲过模型建模时的注意事项，下面就是对分解好的模型进行应用。
3.2.1、视角切换
主要调用切换视角得方法WT3DObj.commonFunc.changeCameraPosition
$(".floorNub").click(function () {//2D页面按钮事件绑定 $(".floorNub").attr("class", "floorNub") $(this).attr("class", "floorNub action"); var id= $(this).attr("id"); if(indexpage.btn_action){ layer.msg("动画执行中..."); return; } indexpage.btn_action = true; switch (id) { case "Btn_1"://视角一 { WT3DObj.commonFunc.changeCameraPosition( {x: 9487.603167348385, y: 8719.775524425808, z: 10591.130126266144},{x: 4356.640551613654, y: 4840.572823023986, z: 3600.0637528600773}, 1000, function () { indexpage.btn_action = false; }); } break;}}
});
3.2.2、楼层分解
//出发切换楼层方法
case "Btn_5"://楼层一 { modelBussiness.backToAllBuild(function () { modelBussiness.showFloor(1); setTimeout(function () { indexpage.btn_action = false; }, 1000); }); } break;
调用showFloor方法，方法具体如下
ModelBussiness.prototype.showFloor = function (floornub) { modelBussiness.currentState = "rooms"; WT3DObj.IsStepFirstBackSide = true; //显示楼层 modelBussiness.clickFloorAnimation(floornub); layer.closeAll(); }
这里主要调用clickFloorAnimation方法，并且记录当前状态
ModelBussiness.prototype.clickFloorAnimation = function (_floorNub) { modelBussiness.loadFloorRooms(_floorNub);//加载楼层 modelBussiness.showFloorAnimation(_floorNub);//显示楼层 var floors = modelBussiness.InfloorBuildCache; var position = { y: 1} new showSlowly(position).to({ y: 500, }, 500).onUpdate(function () { var _this = this; $.each(floors, function (_i, _o) { var _fnub = parseInt(_o.name.replace("build_f", "")); if (_fnub > _floorNub) { _o.position.y = _o.oldPositiony + (_fnub - _floorNub) * _this.y; } }) }).onComplete(function () { var oobjs = []; $.each(floors, function (_i, _o) { var _fnub = parseInt(_o.name.replace("build_f", "")); if (_fnub > _floorNub) { oobjs.push(_o); } }); WT3DObj.commonFunc.changeObjsOpacity(oobjs, 1, 0.01, 1000, function () { $.each(oobjs, function (_i, _o) { _o.visible = false; _o.position.y = 100000; }); }); if(_floorNub<=3){ WT3DObj.commonFunc.changeCameraPosition({ x: 3873, y: 8547 + (_floorNub - 1) * 400, z: 5275 }, { x: 3639, y: 3780 + (_floorNub - 1) * 400, z: 2556 }, 1000, function () { }); } else { WT3DObj.commonFunc.changeCameraPosition({ x: 756.8552720903069, y: 4080 + (_floorNub - 1) * 400, z: 3005.0971402300224 }, { x: 778.609209478186, y: (_floorNub - 1) * 400, z: 1208.2712831508117 }, 1000, function () { }); } var position = { y: 500 } new showShowly(position).to({ y: 2000, }, 1000).onUpdate(function () { var _this = this; $.each(floors, function (_i, _o) { var _fnub = parseInt(_o.name.replace("build_f", "")); if (_fnub > _floorNub) { _o.position.y = _o.oldPositiony + (_fnub - _floorNub) * _this.y; _o.step2Positiony = _o.oldPositiony + (_fnub - _floorNub) * _this.y; } }); }).onComplete(function () { }).start(); }).start(); }
按需加载得方法，对不同楼层 按需加载对应得模型
ModelBussiness.prototype.loadFloorRooms = function (nub, floor) { var floorname = "build_f" + nub; if (nub == 2) { floorname += "_1"; } var floor = WT3DObj.commonFunc.findObject(floorname); if (modelBussiness.RoomModels["f" + nub]){ $.each(modelBussiness.RoomModels["f" + nub], function (_index, _obj) { _obj.visible = true; _obj.position.y = _obj.oldPositiony; }); return; } if (nub >= 5) { var models = getF5Rooms(); $.each(models, function (_index, _obj) { _obj.name = _obj.name.replace("br_f4_", "br_f" + nub+"_"); if (_obj.name.indexOf("text") >= 0) { _obj.position.y = floor.position.y + 550; } else { if (_obj.position) { _obj.position.y = floor.position.y+500; } else { _obj.y = floor.position.y+150; } } }); WT3DObj.commonFunc.loadModelsByJsons(models, { x: 0, y: 0, z: 0 }, { x: 0, y: 0, z: 0 }, true, function () { modelBussiness.RoomModels["f" + nub] = []; $.each(WT3DObj.scene.children, function (_index, _obj) { if (_obj.name.indexOf("br_f" + nub + "_w_") == 0 || _obj.name.indexOf("br_f" + nub + "_r_") == 0) { _obj.oldPositiony = _obj.position.y; modelBussiness.RoomModels["f" + nub].push(_obj); }; }); }); } else { var models = window["getF"+nub+"Rooms"](); WT3DObj.commonFunc.loadModelsByJsons(models, { x: 0, y: 0, z: 0 }, { x: 0, y: 0, z: 0 }, true, function () { modelBussiness.RoomModels["f" + nub] = []; $.each(WT3DObj.scene.children, function (_index, _obj) { if (_obj.name.indexOf("br_f" + nub + "_w_") == 0 || _obj.name.indexOf("br_f" + nub + "_r_") == 0) { _obj.oldPositiony = _obj.position.y; modelBussiness.RoomModels["f" + nub].push(_obj); } }); }); } }
楼层展开，虚化等动画统一展示方法：
ModelBussiness.prototype.showFloorAnimation = function (floornub) { modelBussiness.hidemodelsCache = null; modelBussiness.scaleModels = null; var hidemodeNames = ["bout_f13_2", "bout_f13_1", "bout_f13_1", "bout_f13_0", "bout_flow2_1", "bout_flow2_2", "bout_flow2_3"]; for (var i = 1; i <= 12; i++) { hidemodeNames.push("build_out"+i); } var hidemodeModels = WT3DObj.commonFunc.findObjectsByNames(hidemodeNames); $.each(hidemodeModels, function (_index, _obj) { _obj.oldPositiony = _obj.position.y; _obj.visible = false; _obj.position.y = 200000; }); var scaleModelNames = ["bout_39", "bout0_11", "bout_42", "bout_38", "bout_45", "bout_40", "bout_44", "bout_41", "bout_43"]; var scaleModels = WT3DObj.commonFunc.findObjectsByNames(scaleModelNames); WT3DObj.commonFunc.changeObjsOpacity(scaleModels, 1, 0.01, 1000, function () { $.each(scaleModels, function (_index, _obj) { _obj.oldScaleX = _obj.scale.x; _obj.oldScaleY = _obj.scale.y; _obj.oldScaleZ = _obj.scale.z; if (["bout_39", "bout_38", "bout_40", "bout_41"].indexOf(_obj.name) >= 0) { _obj.scale.y = floornub / 14 } if (["bout_42", "bout_45", "bout_44", "bout_43", "bout0_11"].indexOf(_obj.name) >= 0) { _obj.scale.z = floornub / 14 } if ("bout0_11" == _obj.name) { _obj.scale.z = (floornub - 3) / 11 } }); WT3DObj.commonFunc.changeObjsOpacity(scaleModels, 0.01, 1, 10, function () { }); }); modelBussiness.hidemodelsCache = hidemodeModels; modelBussiness.scaleModels = scaleModels; }
3.2.3、设备定位
定位具体设备，将楼层展开与主摄像机位置调整并用起来调用
modelBussiness.backToAllBuild(function () { modelBussiness.showFloor(4);//展开楼层4 setTimeout(function () {
//调整摄像机位置 WT3DObj.commonFunc.changeCameraPosition({x: 853.7726152337735, y: 3002.9928530489865, z: 2579.4120334043137},{x: 1732.9469861751966, y: 1855.692424929085, z: 1402.3507946674324}, 1000, function () { indexpage.btn_action = false; }); }, 1000); });
3.3、数据对接、展示
数据对接，主要是讲模型与设备数据id进行绑定，并且根据api进行调用
function W3DShowApi() { } //显示设备自定义框 W3DShowApi.prototype.showDevWin = function (modelname) { console.log("显示楼层数字的自定义框"); //这里的showHtml可以自定义 var showHtml = "<div style='font-size:32px;color:white;text-align:center;line-height:90px;'>自定义内容:" + modelname + "</div > "; //这里的显示框大小可以自定义 var area = ['auto', "100px"];//宽 高 return { html: showHtml, area: area } } W3DShowApi.prototype.dbclickDevWin = function (modelname) { console.log("显示楼层数字的自定义框"); //这里的showHtml可以自定义 layer.msg("显示双击设备自定义框：" + modelname); } var w3DShowApi = new W3DShowApi();
我们这里弹窗使用了layerui的插件
ModelBussiness.prototype.showRoomMsg = function (_obj) { var showWindow = false; var showHtml = "<div></div>"; var area = ["350px", "200px"]; if (w3DShowApi) { var wparam = w3DShowApi.showDevWin(_obj.name); if (wparam) { showHtml = wparam.html; area = wparam.area; showWindow = true; } } if (!showWindow) { return; } modelBussiness.hasshowRoomMessage = false; modelBussiness.currentShowRoomText = _obj; //获取位置 var position = { x: _obj.position.x, y: _obj.position.y, z: _obj.position.z, }; //position.y += 150; var screenPostion = WT3DObj.transToScreenCoord(position); $("#MarkMessageHelper").remove(); $("body").append("<div id='MarkMessageHelper' style='position:absolute;left:" + (screenPostion.x) + "px;top:" + screenPostion.y + "px;height:2px;width:2px;z-index:1000;'></div>"); layer.closeAll(); modelBussiness.currentShowRoomTipIndex = layer.tips(showHtml, '#MarkMessageHelper', { closeBtn: 1, shade: false, shadeClose: true, skin:"customskin", area: area, time: 0,//是否定时关闭，0表示不关闭 cancel: function (index, layero) { modelBussiness.hasshowRoomMessage = false; layer.close(index); if (closeFunc) { closeFunc(); } }, success: function () { setTimeout(function () { modelBussiness.hasshowRoomMessage = true; }, 150); }, tips: [1, "rgba(0,0,0,0.1)"] //还可配置颜色 }); }
由于篇幅原因，这一课先介绍到这里
后面我将继续讲解用webgl 建立 3D隧道、3D桥梁、webgl实现三维隧道桥梁、three.js实现三维隧道桥梁、桥梁隧道三维应用炫酷效果等等
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