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监控服务zabbix部署
zabbix介绍
- zabbix是由Alexei Vladishev 开发的一种网络监视、管理系统,基于Server-Client架构。可用于监视各种网络服务、服务器和网络机器等状态。
- 使用各种Database-end 如 MySQL,PostgreSQL,SQlite,Oracle 或IBMDB2储存资料。Server端基于C语言、Web管理端frontend则是基于PHP所制作的。
- zabbix可以使用多种方式监视。可以只使用Simple Check不需要安装
Client端,亦可基于SMTP或HTTP… 各种协议定制监视。 - 在客户端如UNIX,Windows 中安装zabbix Agent之后,可监视CPULoad、网络使用状况、硬盘容量等各种状态。而就算没有安装Agent 在监视对象中,zabbix 也可以经由SNMP、TCP、ICMP、利用IPMI、SSH、telnet 对目标进行监视。
- zabbbix自带的Item足够满足普通小公司的监控需求,对于大公司也可以设定自定义的Item,自动生成报表,也有API可以和其他系统集成。
- zabbix由2部分构成,zabbix server与可选组件zabbix agent。
zabbix特点
zabbix的主要特点:
安装与配置简单,学习成本低
支持多语言(包括中文)
免费开源
自动发现服务器与网络设备
分布式监视以及WEB集中管理功能
可以无agent监视
用户安全认证和柔软的授权方式
通过WEB界面设置或查看监视结果
email等通知功能
zabbix主要功能:
CPU负荷
内存使用
磁盘使用
网络状况
端口监视
日志监视
为何是zabbix不是其他监控
zabbix就是可以满足理想化的监控系统需求
支持自定义监控脚本,提供需要输出的值即可
zabbix存储的数据库表结构稍有复杂但是逻辑清晰
zabbix存在模板的概念,可以方便的将一组监控项进行部署
zabbix每一个item也就是监控项,都可以看到历史记录,且web界面友好
zabbix有强大的Trigger(触发器)定义规则,可以定义复杂的报警逻辑
zabbix提供了ack报警确认机制
zabbix支持邮件,短信,微信等告警
zabbix在触发告警后,可以远程执行系统命令
zabbix有原生的PHP绘图模块
部署zabbix时为什么服务端也要安装部署zabbix
因为服务端在监控其他主机的时候,如果自己出了啥子问题是无法进行自我反应的,所以在监控其他主机的时候,也要进行自我监控,及时反应问题。
zabbix程序组件
zabbix_server,服务端守护进程
zabbix_agentd,agent守护进程
zabbix_proxy,代理服务器
zabbix_database,存储系统,mysql,pgsql
zabbix_web,web GUI图形化界面
zabbix_ get,命令行工具,测试向agent发起数据采集请求
zabbix_sender,命令行工具,测试向server发送数据
zabbix_ java_ gateway,java网关
zabbix配置文件
zabbix配置文件有两种:
服务器端配置文件(/usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.conf)
客户端配置文件(/usr/local/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf)
zabbix代理配置文件(/usr/local/etc/zabbix_proxy.conf)
部署zabbix
因为zabbix是用php语言开发的,所以必须先部署lamp架构,使其能够支持运行php网页
需要提前搭建好lamp架构,可以查看 下面的搭建方法
lamp架构的搭建
mysql官网
此处需要使用的mysql8mysql源码包
php官网
此处需要使用的php源码包
zabbix官网
zabbix源码包
zabbix服务端安装
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/ [root@localhost src]# wget https://cdn.zabbix.com/zabbix/sources/stable/6.2/zabbix-6.2.2.tar.gz //下载源码包 --2022-09-01 22:12:50-- https://cdn.zabbix.com/zabbix/sources/stable/6.2/zabbix-6.2.2.tar.gz Resolving cdn.zabbix.com (cdn.zabbix.com)... 172.67.69.4, 104.26.6.148, 104.26.7.148, ... ... [root@localhost src]# ls debug kernels zabbix-6.2.2.tar.gz [root@localhost src]# tar xf zabbix-6.2.2.tar.gz //解压 [root@localhost src]# cd zabbix-6.2.2/ [root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# dnf -y install net-snmp-devel libevent-devel //安装依赖包 .... tpm2-tss-2.3.2-4.el8.x86_64 unzip-6.0-45.el8_4.x86_64 zip-3.0-23.el8.x86_64 Complete! [root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# useradd -r -d /usr/lib/zabbix -s /sbin/nologin -c "Zabbix Monitoring System" zabbix //创建zabbix系统用户 [root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# mkdir -m u=rwx,g=rwx,o= -p /usr/lib/zabbix //创建zabbix用户的家目录 [root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# chown -R zabbix.zabbix /usr/lib/zabbix/ //使其属主属组都是zabbix [root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# mysql -uroot -p'lnh123' //登录数据库,配置数据库 mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 13 Server version: 8.0.28 MySQL Community Server - GPL Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> create database zabbix character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_bin; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) mysql> create user 'zabbix'@'localhost' identified by 'zabbix123!'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to 'zabbix'@'localhost'; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec) mysql> SET GLOBAL log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> quit Bye [root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# cd /usr/src/zabbix-6.2.2/database/mysql/ [root@localhost mysql]# ls Makefile.am Makefile.in data.sql double.sql history_pk_prepare.sql images.sql schema.sql //将此处数据进行导入 [root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p'lnh123' zabbix < schema.sql mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. [root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p'lnh123' zabbix < images.sql mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. [root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p'lnh123' zabbix < data.sql mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. [root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p'lnh123' mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 18 Server version: 8.0.28 MySQL Community Server - GPL Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> SET GLOBAL log_bin_trust_function_creators = 0; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show tables from zabbix; +----------------------------+ | Tables_in_zabbix | +----------------------------+ | acknowledges | | actions | .... | widget_field | +----------------------------+ 176 rows in set (0.03 sec) //查看zabbix数据库下有哪些表,没有问题的话是176张表 [root@localhost mysql]# cd /usr/src/zabbix-6.2.2/ [root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# ./configure --enable-server --enable-agent --with-mysql --with-net-snmp --with-libcurl --with-libxml2 //编译zabbix ... *********************************************************** * Now run 'make install' * * * * Thank you for using Zabbix! * * <http://www.zabbix.com> * *********************************************************** [root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# make install
zabbix服务端配置
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# cd /usr/local/etc/ [root@localhost etc]# ls zabbix_agentd.conf zabbix_agentd.conf.d zabbix_server.conf zabbix_server.conf.d [root@localhost etc]# vim zabbix_server.conf.d/ # DBPassword= //在这行下面添加前面设置的mysql里面用户密码 DBPassword=zabbix123! //添加
zabbix配置web界面
[root@localhost etc]# cd [root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/zabbix-6.2.2/ [root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# ls AUTHORS Makefile README compile config.status database m4 sass COPYING Makefile.am aclocal.m4 conf config.sub depcomp man src ChangeLog Makefile.in bin config.guess configure include misc ui INSTALL NEWS build config.log configure.ac install-sh missing [root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf //配置apache虚拟主机,可以注释之前的配置 <VirtualHost *:80> DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs/zabbix" ServerName zabbix.example.com ErrorLog "logs/zabbix.example.com-error_log" CustomLog "logs/zabbix.example.com-access_log" common ProxyRequests Off ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/usr/local/apache/htdocs/zabbix/$1 <Directory "/usr/local/apache/htdocs/zabbix"> Options none AllowOverride none Require all granted </Directory> </VirtualHost> [root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# cd /usr/src/zabbix-6.2.2/ [root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# ls AUTHORS Makefile README compile config.status database m4 sass COPYING Makefile.am aclocal.m4 conf config.sub depcomp man src ChangeLog Makefile.in bin config.guess configure include misc ui INSTALL NEWS build config.log configure.ac install-sh missing [root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# cd ui/ [root@localhost ui]# ls //此处是php代码 actionconf.php composer.lock imgstore.php report2.php api_jsonrpc.php conf include report4.php app data index.php robots.txt assets disc_prototypes.php index_http.php setup.php audio favicon.ico index_sso.php sysmap.php auditacts.php graphs.php items.php sysmaps.php browserwarning.php history.php js templates.php chart.php host_discovery.php jsLoader.php toptriggers.php chart2.php host_prototypes.php jsrpc.php tr_events.php chart3.php hostinventories.php local trigger_prototypes.php chart4.php hostinventoriesoverview.php locale triggers.php chart6.php httpconf.php maintenance.php vendor chart7.php httpdetails.php map.php zabbix.php composer.json image.php modules [root@localhost ui]# cd - /usr/src/zabbix-6.2.2 [root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# cd [root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/zabbix-6.2.2/ [root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# mkdir /usr/local/apache/htdocs/zabbix //创建zabbix的web站点目录 [root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# cp -a /usr/src/zabbix-6.2.2/ui/* /usr/local/apache/htdocs/zabbix/ //将zabbix的web界面php代码复制到站点目录 [root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# chown -R apache.apache /usr/local/apache/htdocs/ //使其属主属组是apache [root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# ll /usr/local/apache/htdocs/ total 8 -rw-r--r--. 1 apache apache 45 Jun 12 2007 index.html drwxr-xr-x. 2 apache apache 23 Sep 1 21:29 runtime drwxr-xr-x. 13 apache apache 4096 Sep 1 23:19 zabbix [root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# chmod 777 /usr/local/apache/htdocs/zabbix/conf/ //设置zabbix/conf目录的权限,让zabbix有权限生成配置文件zabbix.conf.php [root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# ll -d /usr/local/apache/htdocs/zabbix/conf/ drwxrwxrwx. 3 apache apache 94 Aug 29 15:05 /usr/local/apache/htdocs/zabbix/conf/ [root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# httpd -t AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using ::1. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message Syntax OK [root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# systemctl restart httpd.service //重启httpd [root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# sed -ri 's/(post_max_size =).*/1 16M/g' /etc/php.ini [root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# sed -ri 's/(max_execution_time =).*/1 300/g' /etc/php.ini [root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# sed -ri 's/(max_input_time =).*/1 300/g' /etc/php.ini [root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# sed -i '/;date.timezone/a date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai' /etc/php.ini //修改/etc/php.ini的配置 [root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# service php-fpm restart Gracefully shutting down php-fpm . done Starting php-fpm done //重启php-fpm [root@localhost ~]# zabbix_server [root@localhost ~]# zabbix_agentd //启动zabbix_server和zabbix_agentd
在物理机上做hosts域名映射
在我的电脑里面进行映射(C:WindowsSystem32driversetc)
去浏览器访问,输入zabbix.example.com,看到如下页面,然后点击next step
用户名Admin 密码 zabbix
部署完成
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 755 /usr/local/apache/htdocs/zabbix/conf/ [root@localhost ~]# ll -d /usr/local/apache/htdocs/zabbix/conf/ drwxr-xr-x. 3 apache apache 117 Sep 1 23:41 /usr/local/apache/htdocs/zabbix/conf/ //恢复zabbix/conf目录的权限为755