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所属分类：.NET技术
在项目开发过程中，我们经常会访问第三方接口，如我们需要接入的第三方接口是Web API,这时候我们就需要使用HttpHelper调用远程接口了。示例中的HttpHelper类使用Log4Net记录了每次调用的请求内容和响应内容的日志，并且每条日志都带上了链路ID和标识，这样方便我们在排查问题时能快速的找到当时的请求和响应内容，进而定位分析问题。大家在使用的时候如不需要记录日志，删除掉即可。
HttpHelper类代码如下：
public class HttpHelper : IDisposable { private bool _disposable = false; /// <summary> /// 请求编码格式默认utf-8; /// </summary> public Encoding HtmlEncoding = Encoding.UTF8; /// <summary> /// 请求时间 /// </summary> public int Timeout = 5000; public CookieContainer Cookies = null; /// <summary> /// 是否记录Cookies /// </summary> public bool IsRecordCookie = false; public string ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; public string AcceptLanguage = "en-US, en; q=0.8, zh-Hans-CN; q=0.5, zh-Hans; q=0.3"; public string KeepAlive = "Keep-Alive"; public string Accept = "*/*"; private const string UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/42.0.2311.135 Safari/537.36 Edge/12.10240"; private static ILogger Logger = Log4NetLoggerFactory.Instance.Create("remote.info"); public HttpHelper() { //允许最大连接数，突破Http协议的并发连接数限制 ServicePointManager.DefaultConnectionLimit = 512; } /// <summary> /// 上传图片 /// </summary> /// <param name="url"></param> /// <param name="bArr"></param> /// <param name="fileName"></param> /// <returns></returns> public HttpRequestEntity RequestFile(string url, byte[] bArr, string fileName = "") { var result = new HttpRequestEntity { IsSuccess = 0 }; //后续需要再放开，启用时需增加日志收集 //if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(url)) // throw new ArgumentNullException("请求Url不能为空值"); //if (bArr == null || bArr.Length <= 0) // throw new AccessViolationException("缺少输入数据"); //Stream requestStream = null; //StreamReader streamReader = null; //HttpWebResponse response = null; //HttpWebRequest request = null; //try //{ // request = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest; // request.AllowAutoRedirect = true; // request.Method = "POST"; // string boundary = DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("X"); // 随机分隔线 // request.ContentType = "multipart/form-data;charset=utf-8;boundary=" + boundary; // byte[] itemBoundaryBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("rn--" + boundary + "rn"); // byte[] endBoundaryBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("rn--" + boundary + "--rn"); // if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fileName)) // fileName = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddHHmmss"); // //请求头部信息 // StringBuilder sbHeader = new StringBuilder(string.Format("Content-Disposition:form-data;name="file";filename="{0}"rnContent-Type:application/octet-streamrnrn", fileName)); // byte[] postHeaderBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(sbHeader.ToString()); // request.Headers.Add("auth", fileName); // Stream postStream = request.GetRequestStream(); // postStream.Write(itemBoundaryBytes, 0, itemBoundaryBytes.Length); // postStream.Write(postHeaderBytes, 0, postHeaderBytes.Length); // postStream.Write(bArr, 0, bArr.Length); // postStream.Write(endBoundaryBytes, 0, endBoundaryBytes.Length); // postStream.Close(); // response = request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse; // requestStream = response.GetResponseStream(); // if (response.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK) // { // result.IsSuccess = 0; // if (requestStream != null) // { // streamReader = new StreamReader(requestStream, HtmlEncoding); // result.ResponseContent = streamReader.ReadToEnd(); // } // } //} //catch (Exception ex) //{ // result.IsSuccess = 1; // result.ResponseContent = ex.Message; //} //finally //{ // if (requestStream != null) // { // requestStream.Close(); // requestStream.Dispose(); // } // if (streamReader != null) // { // streamReader.Close(); // streamReader.Dispose(); // } // request.Abort(); // if (response != null) // response.Close(); //} return result; } /// <summary> /// 基本请求方法 /// </summary> /// <param name="requestType">HTTP请求类型</param> /// <param name="url">请求的URL</param> /// <param name="requestData">请求参数</param> /// <param name="traceID">链路ID，方便查询日志</param> /// <param name="markType">请求标识，方便查询日志</param> /// <returns></returns> private HttpRequestEntity BaseRequest(RequestType requestType, string url, string requestData, string traceID,string markType) { var result = new HttpRequestEntity { IsSuccess = 0 }; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(url)) throw new ArgumentNullException("请求Url不能为空值"); Stopwatch stopwatch = new Stopwatch(); stopwatch.Start(); Dictionary<string, object> resultLog = new Dictionary<string, object>();//log对象 resultLog.Add("logType", "remote"); resultLog.Add("traceID", traceID); resultLog.Add("localIp", IpHelper.LocalIp); resultLog.Add("markType", markType); resultLog.Add("url", url); resultLog.Add("requestContent", HttpUtility.UrlDecode(requestData, Encoding.UTF8)); resultLog.Add("createTime", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.fff")); StackTrace ss = new StackTrace(true); System.Reflection.MethodBase mb = ss.GetFrame(2).GetMethod();//0表示当前栈空间，1表示上一级的栈空间，依次类推 resultLog.Add("className", mb.DeclaringType.FullName); resultLog.Add("methodName", mb.Name); HttpStatusCode statusCode = HttpStatusCode.OK; if (IsRecordCookie) Cookies = new CookieContainer(); Stream requestStream = null; StreamReader streamReader = null; HttpWebRequest webRe = null; HttpWebResponse webPos = null; try { if (url.StartsWith("https", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) { ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback = new RemoteCertificateValidationCallback(CheckValidationResult); webRe = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest; webRe.ProtocolVersion = HttpVersion.Version10; } else { webRe = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url); } webRe.Headers.Add("Accept-Language", AcceptLanguage); webRe.Headers.Add("Keep-Alive", KeepAlive); webRe.UserAgent = UserAgent; webRe.Accept = Accept; webRe.Timeout = Timeout; webRe.ReadWriteTimeout = Timeout; webRe.CookieContainer = Cookies; if (requestType == RequestType.Post) { webRe.ContentType = string.Format("{0}; {1}", ContentType, HtmlEncoding.BodyName); byte[] datas = HtmlEncoding.GetBytes(requestData); webRe.Method = "POST"; webRe.ContentLength = datas.Length; webRe.MaximumResponseHeadersLength = -1; requestStream = webRe.GetRequestStream(); requestStream.Write(datas, 0, datas.Length); requestStream.Flush(); requestStream.Close(); } else webRe.Method = "GET"; webPos = (HttpWebResponse)webRe.GetResponse(); resultLog.Add("requestType", webRe.Method); statusCode = webPos.StatusCode; result.ResponseLength = webPos.ContentLength; result.ResponseEncodingName = webPos.ContentEncoding; requestStream = webPos.GetResponseStream(); if (webPos.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK) { result.IsSuccess = 0; if (requestStream != null) { streamReader = new StreamReader(requestStream, HtmlEncoding); result.ResponseContent = streamReader.ReadToEnd(); } } } catch (Exception ex) { result.IsSuccess = 1; result.ResponseContent = ex.Message; } finally { if (requestStream != null) { requestStream.Close(); requestStream.Dispose(); } if (streamReader != null) { streamReader.Close(); streamReader.Dispose(); } webRe.Abort(); if (webPos != null) webPos.Close(); } if (result.IsSuccess == 1) { resultLog.Add("status", HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError); resultLog.Add("success", false); resultLog.Add("responseContent", result.ResponseContent); stopwatch.Stop(); resultLog.Add("elapseTime", stopwatch.Elapsed.TotalMilliseconds); string log = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(resultLog); Logger.Info(log); Logger.Error(log); } else { resultLog.Add("status", statusCode); resultLog.Add("success", true); resultLog.Add("responseContent", result.ResponseContent); stopwatch.Stop(); resultLog.Add("elapseTime", stopwatch.Elapsed.TotalMilliseconds); string log = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(resultLog); Logger.Info(log); } return result; } private static bool CheckValidationResult(object sender, X509Certificate certificate, X509Chain chain, SslPolicyErrors errors) { return true; //总是接受 } /// <summary> /// Get请求 /// </summary> /// <param name="url">请求地址</param> /// <param name="traceID">链路ID，方便查询日志</param> /// <param name="markType">请求标识，方便查询日志</param> /// <returns></returns> public HttpRequestEntity Request(string url, string traceID, string markType) { return BaseRequest(RequestType.Get, url, string.Empty, traceID, markType); } /// <summary> /// Post请求 /// </summary> /// <param name="url">请求地址Url</param> /// <param name="requestData">请求内容参数</param> /// <param name="traceID">链路ID，方便查询日志</param> /// <param name="markType">请求标识，方便查询日志</param> /// <returns></returns> public HttpRequestEntity Request(string url, string requestData, string traceID, string markType) { return BaseRequest(RequestType.Post, url, requestData, traceID, markType); } ~HttpHelper() { Dispose(false); } #region IDisposable 成员 public void Dispose() { Dispose(true); GC.SuppressFinalize(this); } protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing) { if (this._disposable) return; if (disposing) { } _disposable = true; } #endregion } /// <summary> /// HttpHelper请求方式 /// </summary> public enum RequestType { /// <summary> /// Get请求 /// </summary> Get, /// <summary> /// Post请求 /// </summary> Post } /// <summary> /// HttpHelper请求时返回实体 /// </summary> public class HttpRequestEntity { /// <summary> /// 请求是否成功 0-成功(返回Http状态码200) 1-失败(出现异常) /// </summary> public int IsSuccess { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 请求返回内容 /// </summary> public string ResponseContent { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 请求返回内容长度 /// </summary> public long ResponseLength { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 请求返回编码类型 /// </summary> public string ResponseEncodingName { get; set; } }调用示例如下：
HttpHelper helper = new HttpHelper(); HttpRequestEntity response = helper.Request("需要访问的URL", "请求需要的参数", "访问链路ID", "访问标识"); if (response.IsSuccess != 0) { //程序处理异常，请重试！ } else { //请求响应成功 }
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