- A+
所属分类：linux技术
cobbler部署
#先关闭防火墙和selinux [root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld [root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0 //cobbler服务，selinux必须得是disabled状态，所以要重启 [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config SELINUX=disabled #配置yum源 [root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ [root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rm -rf * [root@localhost yum.repos.d]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo [root@localhost yum.repos.d]# sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo #配置epel源 [root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum install -y https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-8.noarch.rpm [root@localhost yum.repos.d]# sed -i 's|^#baseurl=https://download.example/pub|baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com|' /etc/yum.repos.d/epel* [root@localhost yum.repos.d]# sed -i 's|^metalink|#metalink|' /etc/yum.repos.d/epel* #安装cobbler以及相关的软件 [root@localhost ~]# yum module list | grep cobbler cobbler 3 default [d] Versatile Linux deployment server cobbler 3.3 default [d] Versatile Linux deployment server [root@localhost ~]# yum -y module enable cobbler:3 [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install httpd dhcp* tftp tftp-server cobbler cobbler-web pykickstart rsync rsync-daemon #设置服务开机自启动 [root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable --now httpd [root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable --now rsyncd [root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable --now tftp [root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable --now cobblerd #修改server的ip地址为本机ip [root@localhost ~]# sed -i 's/^server: 127.0.0.1/server: 192.168.111.139/' /etc/cobbler/settings.yaml #修改tftp的ip地址为本机ip [root@localhost ~]# sed -i 's/^next_server: 127.0.0.1/next_server: 192.168.111.139/' /etc/cobbler/settings.yaml #生成加密的密码 [root@localhost ~]# openssl passwd -1 -salt "$RANDOM" 'cobbler123' $1$19347$.N/4En3JI0k2gUp8mvULQ/ #将新生成的加密密码加入到配置文件 [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings.yaml default_password_crypted: "$1$19347$.N/4En3JI0k2gUp8mvULQ/" //修改为刚生成的加密的密码 #将cobbler的dhcp功能打开 [root@localhost ~]# sed -i "s#manage_dhcp: false#manage_dhcp: true#" /etc/cobbler/settings.yaml [root@localhost ~]# grep 'manage_dhcp:' /etc/cobbler/settings.yaml manage_dhcp: true #重启cobbler [root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd #通过cobbler check 核对当前设置是否有问题 [root@localhost ~]# cobbler check The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix: 1: SELinux is enabled. Please review the following wiki page for details on ensuring Cobbler works correctly in your SELinux environment: https://github.com/cobbler/cobbler/wiki/Selinux 2: some network boot-loaders are missing from /var/lib/cobbler/loaders. If you only want to handle x86/x86_64 netbooting, you may ensure that you have installed a *recent* version of the syslinux package installed and can ignore this message entirely. Files in this directory, should you want to support all architectures, should include pxelinux.0, menu.c32, and yaboot. 3: reposync is not installed, install yum-utils or dnf-plugins-core 4: yumdownloader is not installed, install yum-utils or dnf-plugins-core 5: debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories 6: fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes. #问题1解决办法： [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install syslinux* [root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/ [root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/menu.c32 /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/ [root@localhost ~]# ls /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/ menu.c32 pxelinux.0 #问题2和问题三的解决办法： [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install yum-utils #问题4和问题5可以忽略， 因为是debian系统才需要解决，显示使用的是centos8 Debian系统解决办法安装fence-agents #配置DHCP模板文件 [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template 23 subnet 192.168.111.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { 24 option routers 192.168.111.255; 25 option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8; 26 option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; 27 range dynamic-bootp 192.168.111.100 192.168.111.110; 28 default-lease-time 21600; 29 max-lease-time 43200; 30 next-server $next_server; #同步cobbler配置 [root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart httpd cobblerd [root@localhost ~]# cobbler sync task started: 2022-09-24_163754_sync task started (id=Sync, time=Sat Sep 24 16:37:54 2022) running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/task/sync/pre/* running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/task/sync/pre/* shell triggers finished successfully running pre-sync triggers cleaning trees removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/system removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/system_link removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images copying bootloaders running: ['rsync', '-rpt', '--copy-links', '--exclude=.cobbler_postun_cleanup', '/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/', '/var/lib/tftpboot'] received on stdout: received on stderr: running: ['rsync', '-rpt', '--copy-links', '--exclude=README.grubconfig', '/var/lib/cobbler/grub_config/', '/var/lib/tftpboot'] received on stdout: received on stderr: copying distros to tftpboot copying images generating PXE configuration files generating PXE menu structure rendering DHCP files generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf cleaning link caches running post-sync triggers running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/* running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services running: dhcpd -t -q received on stdout: received on stderr: running: service dhcpd restart received on stdout: received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/* shell triggers finished successfully running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/* running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track running python trigger cobbler.modules.managers.genders running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/* shell triggers finished successfully *** TASK COMPLETE *** 管理distro
#挂载镜像 [root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/ mount: /mnt: WARNING: device write-protected, mounted read-only. #导入镜像 [root@localhost ~]# cobbler import --path=/mnt/ --name=zxr arch=x86_64 task started: 2022-09-24_164154_import task started (id=Media import, time=Sat Sep 24 16:41:54 2022) running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/task/import/pre/* running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/task/import/pre/* shell triggers finished successfully Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel8 Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel8 Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/zxr: creating new distro: zxr-x86_64 trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/zxr -> /var/www/cobbler/links/zxr-x86_64 creating new profile: zxr-x86_64 associating repos checking for rsync repo(s) checking for rhn repo(s) checking for yum repo(s) starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/zxr for zxr-x86_64 processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/zxr/AppStream need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/zxr/AppStream looking for /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/zxr/AppStream/repodata/*comps*.xml Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/zxr/AppStream/repodata processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/zxr/BaseOS need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/zxr/BaseOS looking for /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/zxr/BaseOS/repodata/*comps*.xml Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/zxr/BaseOS/repodata *** TASK COMPLETE *** #查看cobbler镜像列表 [root@localhost ~]# cobbler list distros: zxr-x86_64 profiles: zxr-x86_64 systems: repos: images: mgmtclasses: packages: files: #查看详细信息 [root@localhost ~]# cobbler distro report --name zxr-x86_64 Name : zxr-x86_64 Architecture : x86_64 Automatic Installation Template Metadata : {'tree': 'http://@@http_server@@/cblr/links/zxr-x86_64'} TFTP Boot Files : {} Boot loader : grub Breed : redhat Comment : Fetchable Files : {} Initrd : /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/zxr/images/pxeboot/initrd.img Kernel : /var/www/cobbler/distro_mirror/zxr/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz Kernel Options : {} Kernel Options (Post Install) : {} Management Classes : [] OS Version : rhel8 Owners : ['admin'] Redhat Management Key : Remote Boot Initrd : ~ Remote Boot Kernel : ~ Template Files : {} #创建kickstarts自动安装脚本（文件以.ks结尾，勿tab） [root@localhost ~]# cobbler profile get-autoinstall --name zxr-x86_64 > /var/lib/cobbler/templates/zxr.ks #对脚本进行修改 [root@localhost ~]# vim /var/lib/cobbler/templates/zxr.ks .......................... firewall --disable //关闭防火墙 ......................... %packages @^minimal-environment //设置为最小化 #查看一下 [root@localhost ~]# cat /var/lib/cobbler/templates/zxr.ks # Sample kickstart file for current EL, Fedora based distributions. #platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T # System authorization information auth --useshadow --enablemd5 # System bootloader configuration bootloader --location=mbr # Partition clearing information clearpart --all --initlabel # Use text mode install text # Firewall configuration firewall --disable # Run the Setup Agent on first boot firstboot --disable # System keyboard keyboard us # System language lang en_US # Use network installation url --url=http://192.168.111.139/cblr/links/zxr-x86_64 # If any cobbler repo definitions were referenced in the kickstart profile, include them here. repo --name=source-1 --baseurl=http://192.168.111.139/cobbler/distro_mirror/zxr/AppStream repo --name=source-2 --baseurl=http://192.168.111.139/cobbler/distro_mirror/zxr/BaseOS # Network information network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=on # Reboot after installation reboot #Root password rootpw --iscrypted $1$19347$.N/4En3JI0k2gUp8mvULQ/ # SELinux configuration selinux --disabled # Do not configure the X Window System skipx # System timezone timezone America/New_York # Install OS instead of upgrade install # Clear the Master Boot Record zerombr # Allow anaconda to partition the system as needed autopart %pre set -x -v exec 1>/tmp/ks-pre.log 2>&1 # Once root's homedir is there, copy over the log. while : ; do sleep 10 if [ -d /mnt/sysimage/root ]; then cp /tmp/ks-pre.log /mnt/sysimage/root/ logger "Copied %pre section log to system" break fi done & # Enable installation monitoring %end %packages @^minimal-environment %post --nochroot set -x -v exec 1>/mnt/sysimage/root/ks-post-nochroot.log 2>&1 %end %post set -x -v exec 1>/root/ks-post.log 2>&1 # Start yum configuration curl "http://192.168.111.139/cblr/svc/op/yum/profile/zxr-x86_64" --output /etc/yum.repos.d/cobbler-config.repo # End yum configuration # Start post_install_network_config generated code # End post_install_network_config generated code # Start download cobbler managed config files (if applicable) # End download cobbler managed config files (if applicable) # Start koan environment setup echo "export COBBLER_SERVER=192.168.111.139" > /etc/profile.d/cobbler.sh echo "setenv COBBLER_SERVER 192.168.111.139" > /etc/profile.d/cobbler.csh # End koan environment setup $SNIPPET('redhat_register') # Begin cobbler registration # cobbler registration is disabled in /etc/cobbler/settings.yaml # End cobbler registration # Enable post-install boot notification # Start final steps curl "http://192.168.111.139/cblr/svc/op/autoinstall/profile/zxr-x86_64" -o /root/cobbler.ks # End final steps %end #如果是真实环境，那么部署就已经完成，如果是虚拟机就还需执行以下步骤 [root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/share/cobbler/bin/ [root@localhost bin]# ls migrate-data-v2-to-v3.py migrate-settings.sh mkgrub.sh settings-migration-v1-to-v2.sh [root@localhost bin]# bash mkgrub.sh [root@localhost bin]# cd /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/ [root@localhost loaders]# ll total 72 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 79 Sep 24 16:57 grub lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 31 Sep 24 16:57 ldlinux.c32 -> /usr/share/syslinux/ldlinux.c32 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 26272 Sep 24 16:31 menu.c32 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 42376 Sep 24 16:31 pxelinux.0 #进行同步 [root@localhost loaders]# cobbler sync #重启服务 [root@localhost loaders]# systemctl restart httpd cobblerd rsyncd dhcpd 进行测试
安装一个空壳centos8的虚拟机，不需要给镜像
进来后就发现可以自动获取ip选择我们刚才上传的镜像
正在安装包
安装完成，登录查看ip
