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所属分类:linux技术
ansible使用playbook部署LNMP
环境介绍:
系统 | ip | 主机名 | 服务 |
---|---|---|---|
centos8 | 192.168.222.250 | ansible | ansinle |
ceotos8 | 192.168.222.137 | nginx | nginx |
centos8 | 192.168.222.138 | mysql | mysql |
centos8 | 192.168.222.139 | php | php |
nginx-1.22.0
mysql-5.7.38
php-8.1.11
安装ansible
//配置阿里源 [root@ansible ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ [root@ansible yum.repos.d]# rm -rf * [root@ansible yum.repos.d]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 100 2495 100 2495 0 0 10439 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 10439 [root@ansible yum.repos.d]# sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo //配置epel [root@ansible yum.repos.d]# yum install -y https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-8.noarch.rpm [root@ansible yum.repos.d]# sed -i 's|^#baseurl=https://download.example/pub|baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com|' /etc/yum.repos.d/epel* [root@ansible yum.repos.d]# sed -i 's|^metalink|#metalink|' /etc/yum.repos.d/epel* [root@ansible yum.repos.d]# ls CentOS-Base.repo epel-modular.repo epel-testing-modular.repo epel-testing.repo epel.repo [root@ansible yum.repos.d]# cd //安装ansible [root@ansible ~]# dnf -y install platform-python [root@ansible ~]# dnf -y install centos-release-ansible-29 [root@ansible ~]# dnf -y install ansible --nobest [root@ansible ~]# ansible --version //查看版本 ansible 2.9.27 config file = /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg configured module search path = ['/root/.ansible/plugins/modules', '/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules'] ansible python module location = /usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/ansible executable location = /usr/bin/ansible python version = 3.6.8 (default, Sep 10 2021, 09:13:53) [GCC 8.5.0 20210514 (Red Hat 8.5.0-3)]
基于ansible进行基础准备
//做映射 [root@ansible ~]# vim /etc/hosts [root@ansible ~]# cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 192.168.222.137 nginx 192.168.222.138 mysql 192.168.222.139 php [root@ansible ~]# mkdir playdemo [root@ansible ~]# cd playdemo/ [root@ansible playdemo]# cp /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg . [root@ansible playdemo]# ls ansible.cfg [root@ansible playdemo]# vim ansible.cfg #inventory = /etc/ansible/hosts inventory = inventory [root@ansible playdemo]# vim inventory //存放清单的目录 [root@ansible playdemo]# cat inventory [nginx] //受控主机 192.168.222.137 [mysql] 192.168.222.138 [php] 192.168.222.139 [root@ansible playdemo]# ls ansible.cfg inventory //查看受控主机 [root@ansible playdemo]# ansible all --list-hosts hosts (3): 192.168.222.137 192.168.222.138 192.168.222.139 //实现免密登录受控主机 [root@ansible playdemo]# ssh-keygen -t rsa Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): Created directory '/root/.ssh'. Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: SHA256:mpyjGH8V9Fiy/Snu9xMsGcCtrQQFEm5dvSSgI++dqco root@ansible The key's randomart image is: +---[RSA 3072]----+ | o.o=oo | | . ++.= + | | . =..O * . | | + .+ = + | | . So o = | | o =.oo = o | | . B.+. . . . | | = ..o . . . | | . Eo. ... ... | +----[SHA256]-----+ [root@ansible playdemo]# ssh-copy-id 192.168.222.137 [root@ansible playdemo]# ssh-copy-id 192.168.222.138 [root@ansible playdemo]# ssh-copy-id 192.168.222.139 //检查机器节点是否连通 [root@ansible playdemo]# ansible all -m ping 192.168.222.137 | SUCCESS => { "ansible_facts": { "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python" }, "changed": false, "ping": "pong" } 192.168.222.139 | SUCCESS => { "ansible_facts": { "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python" }, "changed": false, "ping": "pong" } 192.168.222.138 | SUCCESS => { "ansible_facts": { "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python" }, "changed": false, "ping": "pong" } //关闭主控主机的防火墙 [root@ansible playdemo]# systemctl stop firewalld.service [root@ansible playdemo]# vim /etc/selinux/config SELINUX=disabled [root@ansible playdemo]# setenforce 0 [root@ansible playdemo]# systemctl disable --now firewalld.service Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service. Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
使用playbook进行编写
[root@ansible playdemo]# mkdir playbook //此处需要使playbook目录 和存放清单inventory目录处于同一级目录 [root@ansible playdemo]# cd playbook/ [root@ansible playbook]# vim lnmp.yml [root@ansible playbook]# cat lnmp.yml --- - name: nginx mysql php stop firewalld and selinux hosts: all tasks: - name: stop firewalled service: name: firewalld.service state: stopped enabled: no - name: Ensure SELinux is set to disabled mode lineinfile: path: /etc/selinux/config regexp: '^SELINUX=' line: SELINUX=disabled - name: install nginx hosts: nginx tasks: - name: create user nginx user: name: nginx system: yes shell: /sbin/nologin create_home: no state: present - name: download nginx get_url: url: https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz dest: /usr/local/src - name: Unarchive a nginx unarchive: src: /usr/local/src/nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz dest: /usr/src/ remote_src: yes - name: yum install yum: name: pcre-devel,openssl,openssl-devel,gd-devel,make,gcc,gcc-c++,wget state: present - name: nginx configure shell: cd /usr/src/nginx-1.22.0 && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-debug --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_image_filter_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_stub_status_module - name: nginx make shell: cd /usr/src/nginx-1.22.0 && make -j $(grep 'processor' /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l) && make install - name: nginx PATH copy: dest: /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh content: export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/nginx/sbin - name: nginx service.file copy: dest: /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service content: | [Unit] Description=nginx server daemon After=network.target [Service] Type=forking ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target - name: modfiy configuration file copy: dest: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf content: | user nginx; worker_processes 1; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; server { listen 80; server_name localhost; location / { root html; index index.php; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } location ~ .php$ { root /var/www; fastcgi_pass 192.168.222.139:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } } } - name: index.php file: path: /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php state: touch - name: start nginx service: name: nginx.service state: restarted enabled: yes - name: install mysql hosts: mysql tasks: - name: create user mysql user: name: mysql system: yes shell: /sbin/nologin create_home: no state: present - name: download mysql get_url: url: https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz dest: /usr/local/src/ - name: unarchive mysql unarchive: src: /usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz dest: /usr/src/ remote_src: yes - name: Modifying Directory Permissions file: src: /usr/src/mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 dest: /usr/local/mysql owner: mysql group: mysql state: link - name: mysql PATH copy: dest: /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh content: export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin - name: create mysql date file: path: /opt/data state: directory owner: mysql group: mysql - name: Modifying mysql include file: src: /usr/local/mysql/include dest: /usr/include/mysql state: link - name: Modifying mysql lib copy: dest: /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf content: /usr/local/mysql/lib - name: Initializing the database shell: mysqld --initialize --user mysql --datadir /opt/data > /tmp/passwd - name: create mysql.conf copy: dest: /etc/my.cnf content: | [mysqld] basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /opt/data socket = /tmp/mysql.sock port = 3306 pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid user = mysql skip-name-resolve - name: create service_file copy: dest: /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service content: | [Unit] Description=mysql server daemon After=network.target sshd-keygen.target [Service] Type=forking ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start ExecStop=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server stop ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target - name: start mysql service: name: mysqld.service state: started enabled: yes - name: install php hosts: php tasks: - name: php yum yum: name: libxml2-devel,openssl-devel,curl-devel,libjpeg-devel,libpng-devel,libicu-devel,freetype-devel,openldap-devel,openldap,openldap-devel,gcc,gcc-c++,sqlite-devel,libzip-devel,openssl,libcurl-devel.x86_64,libpng.x86_64,libpng-devel.x86_64,freetype-devel,readline,readline-devel,make state: present - name: php yum shell: yum -y install http://mirror.centos.org/centos/8-stream/PowerTools/x86_64/os/Packages/oniguruma-devel-6.8.2-2.el8.x86_64.rpm - name: download php get_url: url: https://www.php.net/distributions/php-8.1.11.tar.gz dest: /usr/local/src/ - name: unarchive php unarchive: src: /usr/local/src/php-8.1.11.tar.gz dest: /usr/src/ remote_src: yes - name: php configure shell: cd /usr/src/php-8.1.11 && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/etc --enable-fpm --disable-debug --disable-rpath --enable-shared --enable-soap --with-openssl --enable-bcmath --with-iconv --with-bz2 --enable-calendar --with-curl --enable-exif --enable-ftp --enable-gd --with-jpeg --with-zlib-dir --with-freetype --with-gettext --enable-mbstring --enable-pdo --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-readline --enable-shmop --enable-simplexml --enable-sockets --with-zip --enable-mysqlnd-compression-support --with-pear --enable-pcntl --enable-posix - name: php make shell: cd /usr/src/php-8.1.11 && make -j $(grep 'processor' /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l) && make install - name: php copy conf_file copy: src: /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default dest: /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf remote_src: yes - name: php copy php-fpm.conf copy: src: /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default dest: /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf remote_src: yes - name: config listen lineinfile: path: /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf regexp: '^listen = ' line: listen = 192.168.222.139:9000 - name: config listen.allowed_clients lineinfile: path: /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf regexp: '^;listen.allowed_clients = ' line: listen.allowed_clients = 192.168.222.137 - name: php service copy: dest: /usr/lib/systemd/system/php.service content: | [Unit] Description=php server daemon After=network.target [Service] Type=forking ExecStart=/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm ExecStop=ps -ef |grep php |grep -v grep|awk '{print$2}'|xargs kill ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target - name: start php service: name: php.service state: restarted enabled: yes - name: var directory file: path: /var/www state: directory - name: index.php copy: dest: /var/www/index.php content: | <?php phpinfo(); ?> [root@ansible playbook]# cd .. [root@ansible playdemo]# ansible-playbook playbook/lnmp.yml -vv ... PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************** 192.168.222.137 : ok=15 changed=13 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0 192.168.222.138 : ok=16 changed=14 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0 192.168.222.139 : ok=18 changed=16 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
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使用变量
[root@ansible ~]# tree playdemo playdemo |-- ansible.cfg |-- inventory |-- package | |-- mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz | |-- nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz | `-- php-8.1.11.tar.gz |-- playbook | `-- lnmp.yml `-- var |-- dir.yml |-- hos.yml `-- package.yml 3 directories, 9 files [root@ansible playdemo]# cd [root@ansible ~]# cd playdemo/ [root@ansible playdemo]# ls ansible.cfg inventory package playbook var [root@ansible playdemo]# ls package/ mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz php-8.1.11.tar.gz [root@ansible playdemo]# ls playbook/ lnmp.yml [root@ansible playdemo]# ls var/ dir.yml hos.yml package.yml [root@ansible playdemo]# cat var/package.yml package: nginx: nginx-1.22.0 mysql: mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 php: php-8.1.11 [root@ansible playdemo]# cat var/dir.yml url_dir: ../package/ dow_dir: /usr/local/src/ una_dir: /usr/src/ ins_dir: nginx: /usr/local/nginx mysql: /usr/local/mysql php: /usr/local/php [root@ansible playdemo]# cat var/hos.yml host_ip: nginx: 192.168.222.137 mysql: 192.168.222.138 php: 192.168.222.139 [root@ansible playdemo]# cd playbook/ [root@ansible playbook]# vim lnmp.yml [root@ansible playbook]# cat lnmp.yml --- - name: nginx mysql php stop firewalld and selinux hosts: all tasks: - name: stop firewalled service: name: firewalld.service state: stopped enabled: no - name: Ensure SELinux is set to disabled mode lineinfile: path: /etc/selinux/config regexp: '^SELINUX=' line: SELINUX=disabled - name: install nginx vars_files: - ../var/dir.yml - ../var/hos.yml - ../var/package.yml hosts: "{{ host_ip['nginx'] }}" tasks: - name: create user nginx user: name: nginx system: yes shell: /sbin/nologin create_home: no state: present - name: copy nginx copy: src: "{{ url_dir }}{{ package['nginx'] }}.tar.gz" dest: "{{ dow_dir }}" - name: Unarchive a nginx unarchive: src: "{{ dow_dir }}{{ package['nginx'] }}.tar.gz" dest: "{{ una_dir }}" remote_src: yes - name: yum install yum: name: pcre-devel,openssl,openssl-devel,gd-devel,make,gcc,gcc-c++,wget state: present - name: nginx configure shell: cd {{ una_dir }}{{ package['nginx'] }} && ./configure --prefix={{ ins_dir['nginx'] }} --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-debug --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_image_filter_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_stub_status_module - name: nginx make shell: cd {{ una_dir }}{{ package['nginx'] }} && make -j $(grep 'processor' /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l) && make install - name: nginx PATH copy: dest: /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh content: export PATH=$PATH:{{ ins_dir['nginx'] }}/sbin - name: nginx service.file copy: dest: /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service content: | [Unit] Description=nginx server daemon After=network.target [Service] Type=forking ExecStart={{ ins_dir['nginx'] }}/sbin/nginx ExecStop={{ ins_dir['nginx'] }}/sbin/nginx -s stop ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target - name: modfiy configuration file copy: dest: "{{ ins_dir['nginx'] }}/conf/nginx.conf" content: | user nginx; worker_processes 1; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; server { listen 80; server_name localhost; location / { root html; index index.php; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } location ~ .php$ { root /var/www; fastcgi_pass {{ host_ip['php'] }}:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } } } - name: index.php file: path: "{{ ins_dir['nginx'] }}/html/index.php" state: touch - name: start nginx service: name: nginx.service state: restarted enabled: yes - name: install mysql vars_files: - ../var/dir.yml - ../var/hos.yml - ../var/package.yml hosts: "{{ host_ip['mysql'] }}" tasks: - name: create user mysql user: name: mysql system: yes shell: /sbin/nologin create_home: no state: present - name: copy mysql copy: src: "{{ url_dir }}{{ package['mysql'] }}.tar.gz" dest: "{{ dow_dir }}" - name: unarchive mysql unarchive: src: "{{ dow_dir }}{{ package['mysql'] }}.tar.gz" dest: "{{ una_dir }}" remote_src: yes - name: Modifying Directory Permissions file: src: "{{ una_dir }}{{ package['mysql'] }}" dest: "{{ ins_dir['mysql'] }}" owner: mysql group: mysql state: link - name: mysql PATH copy: dest: /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh content: export PATH=$PATH:{{ ins_dir['mysql'] }}/bin - name: create mysql date file: path: /opt/data state: directory owner: mysql group: mysql - name: Modifying mysql include file: src: "{{ ins_dir['mysql'] }}/include" dest: /usr/include/mysql state: link - name: Modifying mysql lib copy: dest: /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf content: "{{ ins_dir['mysql'] }}/lib" - name: Initializing the database shell: mysqld --initialize --user mysql --datadir /opt/data > /tmp/passwd - name: create mysql.conf copy: dest: /etc/my.cnf content: | [mysqld] basedir = {{ ins_dir['mysql'] }} datadir = /opt/data socket = /tmp/mysql.sock port = 3306 pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid user = mysql skip-name-resolve - name: create service_file copy: dest: /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service content: | [Unit] Description=mysql server daemon After=network.target sshd-keygen.target [Service] Type=forking ExecStart={{ ins_dir['mysql'] }}/support-files/mysql.server start ExecStop={{ ins_dir['mysql'] }}/support-files/mysql.server stop ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target - name: start mysql service: name: mysqld.service state: started enabled: yes - name: install php vars_files: - ../var/dir.yml - ../var/hos.yml - ../var/package.yml hosts: "{{ host_ip['php'] }}" tasks: - name: php yum yum: name: libxml2-devel,openssl-devel,curl-devel,libjpeg-devel,libpng-devel,libicu-devel,freetype-devel,openldap-devel,openldap,openldap-devel,gcc,gcc-c++,sqlite-devel,libzip-devel,openssl,libcurl-devel.x86_64,libpng.x86_64,libpng-devel.x86_64,freetype-devel,readline,readline-devel,make state: present - name: php yum shell: yum -y install http://mirror.centos.org/centos/8-stream/PowerTools/x86_64/os/Packages/oniguruma-devel-6.8.2-2.el8.x86_64.rpm - name: copy php copy: src: "{{ url_dir }}{{ package['php'] }}.tar.gz" dest: "{{ dow_dir }}" - name: unarchive php unarchive: src: "{{ dow_dir }}{{ package['php'] }}.tar.gz" dest: "{{ una_dir }}" remote_src: yes - name: php configure shell: cd "{{ una_dir }}{{ package['php'] }}" && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/etc --enable-fpm --disable-debug --disable-rpath --enable-shared --enable-soap --with-openssl --enable-bcmath --with-iconv --with-bz2 --enable-calendar --with-curl --enable-exif --enable-ftp --enable-gd --with-jpeg --with-zlib-dir --with-freetype --with-gettext --enable-mbstring --enable-pdo --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-readline --enable-shmop --enable-simplexml --enable-sockets --with-zip --enable-mysqlnd-compression-support --with-pear --enable-pcntl --enable-posix - name: php make shell: cd "{{ una_dir }}{{ package['php'] }}" && make -j $(grep 'processor' /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l) && make install - name: php copy conf_file copy: src: "{{ ins_dir['php'] }}/etc/php-fpm.conf.default" dest: "{{ ins_dir['php'] }}/etc/php-fpm.conf" remote_src: yes - name: php copy php-fpm.conf copy: src: "{{ ins_dir['php'] }}/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default" dest: "{{ ins_dir['php'] }}/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf" remote_src: yes - name: config listen lineinfile: path: /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf regexp: '^listen = ' line: listen = 192.168.222.139:9000 - name: config listen.allowed_clients lineinfile: path: "{{ ins_dir['php'] }}/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf" regexp: '^;listen.allowed_clients = ' line: listen.allowed_clients = 192.168.222.137 - name: php service copy: dest: /usr/lib/systemd/system/php.service content: | [Unit] Description=php server daemon After=network.target [Service] Type=forking ExecStart={{ ins_dir['php'] }}/sbin/php-fpm ExecStop=ps -ef |grep php |grep -v grep|awk '{print$2}'|xargs kill ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target - name: start php service: name: php.service state: restarted enabled: yes - name: var directory file: path: /var/www state: directory - name: index.php copy: dest: /var/www/index.php content: | <?php phpinfo(); ?> [root@ansible playbook]# cd .. [root@ansible playdemo]# ansible-playbook playbook/lnmp.yml -vv ... PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************** 192.168.222.137 : ok=15 changed=13 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0 192.168.222.138 : ok=16 changed=14 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0 192.168.222.139 : ok=18 changed=16 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
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