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所属分类：.NET技术
上篇文章我们介绍了
系统国际化改造整体设计思路如下：
- 提供一个工具，识别前后端代码中的中文，形成多语言词条，按语言、界面、模块统一管理多有的多语言词条
- 提供一个翻译服务，批量翻译多语言词条
- 提供一个词条服务，支持后端代码在运行时根据用户登录的语言，动态获取对应的多语言文本
- 提供前端多语言JS生成服务，按界面动态生成对应的多语言JS文件，方便前端VUE文件使用。
- 提供代码替换工具，将VUE前端代码中的中文替换为$t("词条ID")，后端代码中的中文替换为TermService.Current.GetText("词条ID")
今天，我们在上篇文章的基础上，继续介绍基于Roslyn抽取词条、更新代码。
一、业务背景
先说一下业务背景，后端.NET代码中存在大量的中文提示和异常消息，甚至一些中文返回值文本。
这些中文文字都需要识别出来，抽取为多语言词条，同时将代码替换为调用多语言词条服务获取翻译后的文本。
例如：
private static void CheckMd5(string fileName, string md5Data) { string md5Str = MD5Service.GetMD5(fileName); if (!string.Equals(md5Str, md5Data, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) { throw new CustomException(PackageExceptionConst.FileMd5CheckFailed, "服务包文件MD5校验失败：" + fileName); } }
代码中需要将“服务包文件MD5校验失败”这个文本做多语言改造。
这里通过调用多语言词条服务I18NTermService，根据线程上下文中设置的语言，获取对应的翻译文本。例如以下代码：
var text=T.Core.I18N.Service.TermService.Current.GetTextFormatted("词条ID"，"默认文本");
throw new CustomException(PackageExceptionConst.FileMd5CheckFailed, text + fileName);
以上背景下，我们准备使用Roslyn技术对代码进行中文扫描，对扫描出来的文本，做词条抽取、代码替换。
二、使用Roslyn技术对代码进行中文扫描
首先，我们先定义好代码中多语言词条的扫描结果类TermScanResult
1 [Serializable] 2 public class TermScanResult 3 { 4 public Guid Id { get; set; } 5 public string OriginalText { get; set; } 6 7 public string ChineseText { get; set; } 8 9 public string SlnName { get; set; } 10 11 public string ProjectName { get; set; } 12 13 public string ClassFile { get; set; } 14 15 public string MethodName { get; set; } 16 17 public string Code { get; set; } 18 19 public I18NTerm I18NTerm { get; set; } 20 21 public string SlnPath { get; set; } 22 23 public string ClassPath { get; set; } 24 28 public string SubSystemCode { get; set; } 29 30 public override string ToString() 31 { 32 return Code; 33 } 34 }
上述代码中SubSystemCode是一个业务管理维度。大家忽略即可。
我们会以sln解决方案为单位，扫描代码中的中文文字。
以下是具体的实现代码
public async Task<List<TermScanResult>> CheckSln(string slnPath, System.ComponentModel.BackgroundWorker backgroundWorker, SubSystemFile subSystemFiles, string subSystem) { var slnFile = new FileInfo(slnPath); var results = new List<TermScanResult>(); MSBuildHelper.RegisterMSBuilder(); var solution = await MSBuildWorkspace.Create().OpenSolutionAsync(slnPath); var subSystemInfo = subSystemFiles?.SubSystemSlnMappings.FirstOrDefault(w => w.SlnName.Select(s => s += ".sln").Contains(slnFile.Name.ToLower())); if (solution.Projects != null && solution.Projects.Count() > 0) { foreach (var project in solution.Projects.ToList()) { backgroundWorker.ReportProgress(10, $"扫描Project: {project.Name}"); var documents = project.Documents.Where(x => x.Name.Contains(".cs")); if (project.Name.ToLower().Contains("test")) { continue; } var codeReplace = new CodeReplace(); foreach (var document in documents) { var tree = await document.GetSyntaxTreeAsync(); var root = tree.GetCompilationUnitRoot(); if (root.Members == null || root.Members.Count == 0) continue; //member var classDeclartions = root.DescendantNodes().Where(i => i is ClassDeclarationSyntax); foreach (var classDeclare in classDeclartions) { var programDeclaration = classDeclare as ClassDeclarationSyntax; if (programDeclaration == null) continue; foreach (var memberDeclarationSyntax in programDeclaration.Members) { foreach (var item in GetLiteralStringExpression(memberDeclarationSyntax)) { var statementCode = item.Item1; foreach (var syntaxNode in item.Item3) { ExpressionSyntaxParser expressionSyntaxParser = new ExpressionSyntaxParser(); var text = ""; var expressionSyntax = expressionSyntaxParser .GetExpressionSyntaxVerifyRule(syntaxNode as ExpressionSyntax, statementCode); if (expressionSyntax != null) { // 排除 if (expressionSyntaxParser.IsExcludeCaller(expressionSyntax, statementCode)) { continue; } text = expressionSyntaxParser.GetExpressionSyntaxOriginalText(expressionSyntax, statementCode); if (expressionSyntax is Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.Syntax.InterpolatedStringExpressionSyntax) { text = expressionSyntaxParser.GetExpressionSyntaxOriginalText(expressionSyntax, statementCode); if (expressionSyntax is Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.Syntax.LiteralExpressionSyntax) { if (!expressionSyntax.IsKind(SyntaxKind.StringLiteralExpression)) { continue; } text = expressionSyntax.NormalizeWhitespace().ToString(); } } } if (CheckChinese(text) == false) continue; if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(text)) continue; if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(text.Replace(""", "").Trim())) continue; results.Add(new TermScanResult() { Id = Guid.NewGuid(), ClassPath = programDeclaration.SyntaxTree.FilePath, SlnPath = slnPath, OriginalText = text.Replace(""", "").Trim(), ChineseText = text, SlnName = slnFile.Name, ProjectName = project.Name, ClassFile = programDeclaration.Identifier.Text, MethodName = item.Item2, Code = statementCode, SubSystemCode = subSystem }); } } } } } } } return results; }
上述代码中，我们先使用MSBuilder编译，构建 sln解决方案
MSBuildHelper.RegisterMSBuilder(); var solution = await MSBuildWorkspace.Create().OpenSolutionAsync(slnPath);
然后遍历solution下的各个Project中的class类
foreach (var project in solution.Projects.ToList())
var documents = project.Documents.Where(x => x.Name.Contains(".cs"));
然后遍历类中声明、成员、方法中的每行代码，通过正则表达式识别是否有中文字符
public static bool CheckChinese(string strZh) { Regex re = new Regex(@"[u4e00-u9fa5]+"); if (re.IsMatch(strZh)) { return true; } return false; }
如果存在中文字符，作为扫描后的结果，识别为多语言词条
results.Add(new TermScanResult() { Id = Guid.NewGuid(), ClassPath = programDeclaration.SyntaxTree.FilePath, SlnPath = slnPath, OriginalText = text.Replace(""", "").Trim(), ChineseText = text, SlnName = slnFile.Name, ProjectName = project.Name, ClassFile = programDeclaration.Identifier.Text, MethodName = item.Item2, Code = statementCode, //管理维度 SubSystemCode = subSystem //管理维度
});
TermScanResult中没有对词条属性赋值。
public I18NTerm I18NTerm { get; set; }
下一篇文章的代码中，我们会通过多语言翻译服务，将翻译后的文本放到I18NTerm 属性中，作为多语言词条。
三、代码替换
代码替换这块逻辑中，我们设计了一个类SourceWeaver，对上一步的代码扫描结果，进行代码替换
CodeScanReplace这个方法中完成了代码的二次扫描和替换
/// <summary> /// 源代码替换服务 /// </summary> public class SourceWeaver { List<CommonTermDto> commonTerms = new List<CommonTermDto>(); List<CommonTermDto> commSubTerms = new List<CommonTermDto>(); public SourceWeaver() { commonTerms = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<CommonTermDto>>(File.ReadAllText("comm_data.json")); commSubTerms = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<CommonTermDto>>(File.ReadAllText("comm_sub_data.json")); } public async Task CodeScanReplace(Tuple<List<I18NTerm>, List<TermScanResult>> result, System.ComponentModel.BackgroundWorker backgroundWorker) { try { backgroundWorker.ReportProgress(0, "正在对代码进行替换."); var termScanResultGroupBy = result.Item2.GroupBy(g => g.SlnName); foreach (var termScanResult in termScanResultGroupBy) { var termScan = termScanResult.FirstOrDefault(); MSBuildHelper.RegisterMSBuilder(); var solution = await MSBuildWorkspace.Create().OpenSolutionAsync(termScan.SlnPath).ConfigureAwait(false); if (solution.Projects.Any()) { foreach (var project in solution.Projects.ToList()) { if (project.Name.ToLower().Contains("test")) { continue; } var projectTermScanResults = result.Item2.Where(f => f.ProjectName == project.Name); var documents = project.Documents.Where(x => { return x.Name.Contains(".cs") && projectTermScanResults.Any(f => $"{f.ClassPath}" == x.FilePath); }); foreach (var document in documents) { var tree = await document.GetSyntaxTreeAsync().ConfigureAwait(false); var root = tree.GetCompilationUnitRoot(); if (root.Members.Count == 0) continue; var classDeclartions = root.DescendantNodes() .Where(i => i is ClassDeclarationSyntax); List<MemberDeclarationSyntax> syntaxNodes = new List<MemberDeclarationSyntax>(); foreach (var classDeclare in classDeclartions) { if (!(classDeclare is ClassDeclarationSyntax programDeclaration)) continue; var className = programDeclaration.Identifier.Text; foreach (var method in programDeclaration.Members) { if (method is ConstructorDeclarationSyntax) { syntaxNodes.Add((ConstructorDeclarationSyntax)method); } else if (method is MethodDeclarationSyntax) { syntaxNodes.Add((MethodDeclarationSyntax)method); } else if (method is PropertyDeclarationSyntax) { syntaxNodes.Add(method); } else if (method is FieldDeclarationSyntax) { // 注：常量不支持 syntaxNodes.Add(method); } } } var terms = termScanResult.Where( f => f.ProjectName == document.Project.Name && f.ClassPath == document.FilePath).ToList(); backgroundWorker.ReportProgress(10, $"正在检查{document.FilePath}文件."); ReplaceNodesAndSave(root, syntaxNodes, terms, result, backgroundWorker, document.Name); } } } } } catch (Exception ex) { LogUtils.LogError(string.Format("异常类型：{0}rn异常消息：{1}rn异常信息：{2}rn", ex.GetType().Name, ex.Message, ex.StackTrace)); backgroundWorker.ReportProgress(0, ex.Message); } } public async void ReplaceNodesAndSave(SyntaxNode classSyntaxNode, List<MemberDeclarationSyntax> syntaxNodes, IEnumerable<TermScanResult> terms, Tuple<List<I18NTerm>, List<TermScanResult>> result, System.ComponentModel.BackgroundWorker backgroundWorker, string className) { {//check pro是否存在词条 if (AppConfig.Instance.IsCheckTermPro) { backgroundWorker.ReportProgress(15, $"词条验证中."); var termsCodes = terms.Select(f => f.I18NTerm.Code).ToList(); var size = 100; var p = (result.Item2.Count() + size - 1) / size; using DBHelper dBHelper = new DBHelper(); List<I18NTerm> items = new List<I18NTerm>(); for (int i = 0; i < p; i++) { var list = termsCodes .Skip(i * size).Take(size); Thread.Sleep(10); var segmentItems = await dBHelper.GetTermsAsync(termsCodes).ConfigureAwait(false); items.AddRange(segmentItems); } List<TermScanResult> termScans = new List<TermScanResult>(); foreach (var term in terms) { if (items.Any(f => f.Code == term.I18NTerm.Code)) { termScans.Add(term); } else { backgroundWorker.ReportProgress(20, $"词条{term.OriginalText}未导入到词条库，该词条将忽略替换."); } } terms = termScans; } } var newclassDeclare = classSyntaxNode; newclassDeclare = classSyntaxNode.ReplaceNodes(syntaxNodes, (methodDeclaration, _) => { MemberDeclarationSyntax newMemberDeclarationSyntax = methodDeclaration; var className = ((ClassDeclarationSyntax)newMemberDeclarationSyntax.Parent).Identifier.Text; List<StatementSyntax> statementSyntaxes = new List<StatementSyntax>(); switch (newMemberDeclarationSyntax) { case ConstructorDeclarationSyntax: { var blockSyntax = (newMemberDeclarationSyntax as ConstructorDeclarationSyntax).NormalizeWhitespace().Body; if (blockSyntax == null) { break; } foreach (var statement in blockSyntax.Statements) { var nodeStatement = statement.DescendantNodes(); statementSyntaxes.Add(new CodeReplace().ReplaceStatementNodes(statement, new ExpressionSyntaxParser().LiteralStringExpression(nodeStatement), terms, commonTerms, commSubTerms)); } break; } case MethodDeclarationSyntax: { var blockSyntax = (methodDeclaration as MethodDeclarationSyntax).NormalizeWhitespace().Body; if (blockSyntax == null) { break; } foreach (var statement in blockSyntax.Statements) { var nodeStatement = statement.DescendantNodes(); statementSyntaxes.Add(new CodeReplace().ReplaceStatementNodes(statement, new ExpressionSyntaxParser().LiteralStringExpression(nodeStatement), terms, commonTerms, commSubTerms)); } break; } case PropertyDeclarationSyntax: { var propertyDeclarationSyntax = newMemberDeclarationSyntax as PropertyDeclarationSyntax; var nodeStatement = propertyDeclarationSyntax.DescendantNodes(); return new CodeReplace().ReplacePropertyNodes(newMemberDeclarationSyntax as PropertyDeclarationSyntax, new ExpressionSyntaxParser().LiteralStringExpression(nodeStatement), terms, commonTerms, commSubTerms); } case FieldDeclarationSyntax: { var fieldDeclarationSyntax = newMemberDeclarationSyntax as FieldDeclarationSyntax; var nodeStatement = fieldDeclarationSyntax.DescendantNodes(); return new CodeReplace().ReplaceFiledNodes(fieldDeclarationSyntax, new ExpressionSyntaxParser().LiteralStringExpression(nodeStatement), terms, commonTerms, commSubTerms); } } backgroundWorker.ReportProgress(50, $"解析并对类文件{className}中的方法做语句替换."); // 替换方法内部 if (newMemberDeclarationSyntax is MethodDeclarationSyntax) { return new CodeReplace().ReplaceMethodDeclaration(newMemberDeclarationSyntax as MethodDeclarationSyntax, statementSyntaxes); } else if (newMemberDeclarationSyntax is ConstructorDeclarationSyntax) { return new CodeReplace().ReplaceConstructorDeclaration(newMemberDeclarationSyntax as ConstructorDeclarationSyntax, statementSyntaxes); } return newMemberDeclarationSyntax; }); var sourceStr = newclassDeclare.NormalizeWhitespace().GetText().ToString(); File.WriteAllText(newclassDeclare.SyntaxTree.FilePath, sourceStr); backgroundWorker.ReportProgress(100, $"完成{className}的替换."); } }
关键的代码语义替换的实现代码：
public StatementSyntax ReplaceStatementNodes(StatementSyntax statement, List<ExpressionSyntax> expressionSyntaxes, IEnumerable<TermScanResult> terms , List<CommonTermDto> commonTerms, List<CommonTermDto> commSubTerms) { var statementSyntax = statement.ReplaceNodes(expressionSyntaxes, (syntaxNode, _) => { var statementStr = statement.NormalizeWhitespace().ToString(); var argumentLists = statement.DescendantNodes(). OfType<InvocationExpressionSyntax>(); ExpressionSyntaxParser expressionSyntaxParser = new ExpressionSyntaxParser(); return expressionSyntaxParser.ExpressionSyntaxTermReplace(syntaxNode, statementStr, terms, commonTerms, commSubTerms); }); return statementSyntax; }
这里，我们抽象了一个ExpressionSyntaxParser 类，负责替换代码：
T.Core.I18N.Service.TermService.Current.GetTextFormatted
public ExpressionSyntax ExpressionSyntaxTermReplace(ExpressionSyntax syntaxNode, string statementStr, IEnumerable<TermScanResult> terms , List<CommonTermDto> commonTerms, List<CommonTermDto> commSubTerms) { var expressionSyntax = GetExpressionSyntaxVerifyRule(syntaxNode, statementStr); var originalText = GetExpressionSyntaxOriginalText(expressionSyntax, statementStr); var I18Expr = ""; var interpolationSyntaxes = syntaxNode.DescendantNodes().OfType<InterpolationSyntax>(); var term = terms.FirstOrDefault(i => i.ChineseText == originalText); if (term == null) return syntaxNode; string termcode = term.I18NTerm.Code; if (syntaxNode is InterpolatedStringExpressionSyntax) { if (interpolationSyntaxes.Count() > 0) { var parms = ""; foreach (var item in interpolationSyntaxes) { parms += $",{item.ToString().TrimStart('{').TrimEnd('}')}"; } I18Expr = "$"{T.Core.I18N.Service.TermService.Current.GetTextFormatted("" + termcode + "", " + originalText + parms + ")}""; var token1 = SyntaxFactory.Token(default, SyntaxKind.StringLiteralToken, I18Expr, "", default); return SyntaxFactory.LiteralExpression(SyntaxKind.StringLiteralExpression, token1); } else { var startToken = SyntaxFactory.Token(SyntaxKind.InterpolatedStringStartToken); if ((syntaxNode as InterpolatedStringExpressionSyntax).StringStartToken.Value == startToken.Value) { // 如果本身有"$" I18Expr = "$"{T.Core.I18N.Service.TermService.Current.GetText("" + termcode + ""," + originalText + ")}"; } else { // 如果没有"$" I18Expr = "$"{T.Core.I18N.Service.TermService.Current.GetText("" + termcode + "",\teld"" + originalText + "")}"; I18Expr = I18Expr.Replace("\teld", "$"); } } } else { I18Expr = "$"{T.Core.I18N.Service.TermService.Current.GetText("" + termcode + ""," + originalText + ")}"; } var token = SyntaxFactory.Token(default(SyntaxTriviaList), SyntaxKind.InterpolatedVerbatimStringStartToken, I18Expr, "$"", default(SyntaxTriviaList)); var literalExpressionSyntax = SyntaxFactory.InterpolatedStringExpression(token); return literalExpressionSyntax; }
T.Core.I18N.Service.TermService这个就是多语言词条服务类，这个类中提供了一个GetText的方法，通过词条编号，获取多语言文本。
代码完成替换后，打开VS，对工程引用多语言词条服务的Nuget包/dll，重新编译代码，手工校对替换后的代码即可。
以上是.NET应用系统的国际化-基于Roslyn抽取词条、更新代码的分享。
周国庆
2023/3/19
