C#脚本引擎RulesEngine

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所属分类:.NET技术
摘要

当编写应用程序时,经常性需要花费大量的时间与精力处理业务逻辑,往往业务逻辑的变化需要重构或者增加大量代码,对开发测试人员很不友好。

当编写应用程序时,经常性需要花费大量的时间与精力处理业务逻辑,往往业务逻辑的变化需要重构或者增加大量代码,对开发测试人员很不友好。

之前在这篇文章说过,可以使用脚本引擎来将我们需要经常变化的代码进行动态编译执行,自由度非常大,不过对应的需要资源也多。如果只是针对非常具体业务逻辑的变化,可以尝试使用RulesEngine对程序进行操作。

下文使用了官方示例且部分内容翻译自说明文档

简介

RulesEngine是微软推出的规则引擎,规则引擎在很多企业开发中有所应用,是处理经常变动需求的一种优雅的方法。个人任务,规则引擎适用于以下的一些场景:

  • 输入输出类型数量比较固定,但是执行逻辑经常变化;
  • switch条件经常变化,复杂switch语句的替代;
  • 会变动的,具有多种条件或者规则的业务逻辑;
  • 规则自由度不要求特别高的场景。(这种情况建议使用脚本引擎)

RulesEngine的规则使用JSON进行存储,通过lambda表达式方式表述规则(Rules)。

安装很方便,直接使用nuget进行安装:

install-pacakge RulesEngine 

规则定义

需要有Rules,有WorkflowName,然后还有一些属性。

[   {     "WorkflowName": "Discount",     "Rules": [       {         "RuleName": "GiveDiscount10",         "SuccessEvent": "10",         "ErrorMessage": "One or more adjust rules failed.",         "ErrorType": "Error",         "RuleExpressionType": "LambdaExpression",         "Expression": "input1.country == "india" AND input1.loyalityFactor <= 2 AND input1.totalPurchasesToDate >= 5000 AND input2.totalOrders > 2 AND input3.noOfVisitsPerMonth > 2"       }     ]   } ] 

除了标准的RuleExpressionType,还可以通过定义Rules嵌套多个条件,下面是Or逻辑。

{ "RuleName": "GiveDiscount30NestedOrExample", "SuccessEvent": "30", "ErrorMessage": "One or more adjust rules failed.", "ErrorType": "Error", "Operator": "OrElse", "Rules":[     {     "RuleName": "IsLoyalAndHasGoodSpend",     "ErrorMessage": "One or more adjust rules failed.",     "ErrorType": "Error",     "RuleExpressionType": "LambdaExpression",     "Expression": "input1.loyalityFactor > 3 AND input1.totalPurchasesToDate >= 50000 AND input1.totalPurchasesToDate <= 100000"     },     {     "RuleName": "OrHasHighNumberOfTotalOrders",     "ErrorMessage": "One or more adjust rules failed.",     "ErrorType": "Error",     "RuleExpressionType": "LambdaExpression",     "Expression": "input2.totalOrders > 15"     } ] } 

示例

可以从官方的代码库中下载示例,定义了上述规则,就可以直接开始用了。示例描述了这么一个应用场景:

根据不同的客户属性,提供不同的折扣。由于销售的情况变化较快,提供折扣的规则也需要经常变动。因此比较适用于规则引擎。

public void Run() {     Console.WriteLine($"Running {nameof(BasicDemo)}....");     //创建输入     var basicInfo = "{"name": "hello","email": "abcy@xyz.com","creditHistory": "good","country": "canada","loyalityFactor": 3,"totalPurchasesToDate": 10000}";     var orderInfo = "{"totalOrders": 5,"recurringItems": 2}";     var telemetryInfo = "{"noOfVisitsPerMonth": 10,"percentageOfBuyingToVisit": 15}";      var converter = new ExpandoObjectConverter();      dynamic input1 = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<ExpandoObject>(basicInfo, converter);     dynamic input2 = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<ExpandoObject>(orderInfo, converter);     dynamic input3 = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<ExpandoObject>(telemetryInfo, converter);      var inputs = new dynamic[]         {             input1,             input2,             input3         };     //加载规则     var files = Directory.GetFiles(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), "Discount.json", SearchOption.AllDirectories);     if (files == null || files.Length == 0)         throw new Exception("Rules not found.");      var fileData = File.ReadAllText(files[0]);     var workflowRules = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<WorkflowRules>>(fileData);     //初始化规则引擎     var bre = new RulesEngine.RulesEngine(workflowRules.ToArray(), null);      string discountOffered = "No discount offered.";     //执行规则     List<RuleResultTree> resultList = bre.ExecuteAllRulesAsync("Discount", inputs).Result;     //处理结果     resultList.OnSuccess((eventName) => {         discountOffered = $"Discount offered is {eventName} % over MRP.";     });      resultList.OnFail(() => {         discountOffered = "The user is not eligible for any discount.";     });      Console.WriteLine(discountOffered); } 

输入

输入一般来说是IEnumerable<dynamic>或者是匿名类型,上面实例展示的是由json反序列化形成的dynamic类型,对于程序生成的数据,使用匿名类型更加方便。

var nestedInput = new {                 SimpleProp = "simpleProp",                 NestedProp = new {                     SimpleProp = "nestedSimpleProp",                     ListProp = new List<ListItem>                     {                         new ListItem                         {                             Id = 1,                             Value = "first"                         },                         new ListItem                         {                             Id = 2,                             Value = "second"                         }                     }                 }              }; 

命名空间

和脚本引擎一样,默认规则引擎只能访问System的命名空间。如果需要使用到稍微复杂一些的类型,可以自己定义类型或者函数。比如定义一个这样的函数:

public static class Utils {     public static bool CheckContains(string check, string valList)     {         if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(check) || String.IsNullOrEmpty(valList))             return false;          var list = valList.Split(',').ToList();         return list.Contains(check);     } } 

需要使用的时候,先将类传递给RulesEngine:

var reSettingsWithCustomTypes = new ReSettings { CustomTypes = new Type[] { typeof(Utils) } }; var engine = new RulesEngine.RulesEngine(workflowRules.ToArray(), null, reSettingsWithCustomTypes); 

然后就可以直接在表达式中使用了。

"Expression": "Utils.CheckContains(input1.country, "india,usa,canada,France") == true" 

规则参数

默认情况下,规则的输入使用的是类似input1 input2这样的形式,如果想直观一点,可以使用RuleParameter来进行封装具体的参数类型。

RuleParameter ruleParameter = new RuleParameter("NIP", nestedInput); var resultList = bre.ExecuteAllRulesAsync(workflow.WorkflowName, ruleParameter).Result; 

本地变量

如果表达式比较复杂的情况下,可以使用本地变量来进行分段处理,这对调试来说会比较方便。

本地变量的关键字为localParams,可以将中间的内容简单理解成var name = expression

{         "name": "allow_access_if_all_mandatory_trainings_are_done_or_access_isSecure",         "errorMessage": "Please complete all your training(s) to get access to this content or access it from a secure domain/location.",         "errorType": "Error",         "localParams": [           {             "name": "completedSecurityTrainings",             "expression": "MasterSecurityComplainceTrainings.Where(Status.Equals("Completed", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))"           },           {             "name": "completedProjectTrainings",             "expression": "MasterProjectComplainceTrainings.Where(Status.Equals("Completed", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))"           },           {             "name": "isRequestAccessSecured",             "expression": "UserRequestDetails.Location.Country == "India" ? ((UserRequestDetails.Location.City == "Bangalore" && UserRequestDetails.Domain="xxxx")? true : false):false"           }         ],         "expression": "(completedSecurityTrainings.Any() && completedProjectTrainings.Any()) || isRequestAccessSecured "       } 

总结

使用规则引擎,可以将经常变动的业务逻辑独立摘出来,为我们编写动态、可拓展的程序提供了很大的便利。RulesEngine这个东西提供的API也比较简洁,上手非常简单。