WPF自定义控件库之Window窗口已关闭评论
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摘要

在WPF开发中，默认控件的样式常常无法满足实际的应用需求，我们通常都会采用引入第三方控件库的方式来美化UI，使得应用软件的设计风格更加统一。常用的WPF的UI控件库主要有以下几种，如：Modern UI for WPF ，MaterialDesignInXamlToolkit ，PanuonUI，Newbeecoder.UI，WPF UI ，AduSkin ，Panuon.UI.Silver ，HandyControl ，MahApps.Metro ，Kino.Toolkit.Wpf，Xceed Extended WPF Toolkit™，Kino.Toolkit.Wpf，PP.Wpf，Adonis-ui ，CC.WPFTools，CookPopularControl ，PropertyTools，RRQMSkin，Layui-WPF ，Arthas-WPFUI，fruit-vent-design，Fluent.Ribbon，DMSkin WPF ，EASkins_WPF，Rubyer-WPF，WPFDevelopers.Minimal ，WPFDevelopers，DevExpress WPF UI Library ，ReactiveUI，Telerik UI for WPF等等，面对如此之多的WPF 第三方UI控件库，可谓各有特色，不一而同，对于具有选择综合症的开发人员来说，真的很难抉择。在实际工作中，软件经过统一的UI设计以后，和具体的业务紧密相连，往往这些通用的UI框架很难百分之百的契合，这时候，就需要我们自己去实现自定义控件【Custom Control】来解决。本文以自定义窗口为例，简述如何通过自定义控件来扩展功能和样式，仅供学习分享使用，如有不足之处，还请指正。

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在WPF开发中，默认控件的样式常常无法满足实际的应用需求，我们通常都会采用引入第三方控件库的方式来美化UI，使得应用软件的设计风格更加统一。常用的WPF的UI控件库主要有以下几种，如：Modern UI for WPF，MaterialDesignInXamlToolkit，PanuonUI，Newbeecoder.UI，WPF UI ，AduSkin，Panuon.UI.Silver，HandyControl，MahApps.Metro，Kino.Toolkit.Wpf，Xceed Extended WPF Toolkit™，Kino.Toolkit.Wpf，PP.Wpf，Adonis-ui，CC.WPFTools，CookPopularControl ，PropertyTools，RRQMSkin，Layui-WPF，Arthas-WPFUI，fruit-vent-design，Fluent.Ribbon，DMSkin WPF，EASkins_WPF，Rubyer-WPF，WPFDevelopers.Minimal ，WPFDevelopers，DevExpress WPF UI Library，ReactiveUI，Telerik UI for WPF等等，面对如此之多的WPF 第三方UI控件库，可谓各有特色，不一而同，对于具有选择综合症的开发人员来说，真的很难抉择。在实际工作中，软件经过统一的UI设计以后，和具体的业务紧密相连，往往这些通用的UI框架很难百分之百的契合，这时候，就需要我们自己去实现自定义控件【Custom Control】来解决。本文以自定义窗口为例，简述如何通过自定义控件来扩展功能和样式，仅供学习分享使用，如有不足之处，还请指正。

自定义控件

自定义控件Custom Control，通过集成现有控件（如：Button , Window等）进行扩展，或者继承Control基类两种方式，和用户控件【User Control不太相同】，具体差异如下所示：

用户控件UserControl
1. 注重复合控件的使用，也就是多个现有控件组成一个可复用的控件组
2. XAML和后台代码组成，绑定紧密
3. 不支持模板重写
4. 继承自UserControl
自定义控件CustomControl
1. 完全自己实现一个控件，如继承现有控件进行功能扩展，并添加新功能
2. 后台代码和Generic.xaml进行组合
3. 在使用时支持模板重写
4. 继承自Control

本文所讲解的侧重点为自定义控件，所以用户控件不再过多阐述。

WPF实现自定义控件步骤

1. 创建控件库

首先在解决方案中，创建一个WPF类库项目【SmallSixUI.Templates】，作为控件库，后续所有自定义控件，都可以在此项目中开发。并创建Controls，Styles，Themes，Utils等文件夹，分别存放控件类，样式，主题，帮助类等内容，作为控件库的基础结构，如下所示：

WPF自定义控件库之Window窗口

2. 创建自定义控件

在Controls目录中，创建自定义窗口AiWindow，继承自Window类，即此类具有窗口的一切功能，并具有扩展出来的自定义功能。在此自定义窗口中，我们可以自定义窗口标题的字体颜色HeaderForeground，背景色HeaderBackground，是否显示标题IsShowHeader，标题高度HeaderHeight，窗口动画类型Type等内容，具体如下所示：

using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Windows.Automation.Text; using System.Windows; using SmallSixUI.Templates.Utils; using System.Windows.Controls; using System.Windows.Media; using System.Windows.Shell;  namespace SmallSixUI.Templates.Controls {     [TemplatePart(Name = "PART_CloseWindowButton", Type = typeof(Button))]     [TemplatePart(Name = "PART_MaxWindowButton", Type = typeof(Button))]     [TemplatePart(Name = "PART_MinWindowButton", Type = typeof(Button))]     public class AiWindow : Window     {         /// <summary>         /// 关闭窗体         /// </summary>         private Button PART_CloseWindowButton = null;         /// <summary>         /// 窗体缩放         /// </summary>         private Button PART_MaxWindowButton = null;         /// <summary>         /// 最小化窗体         /// </summary>         private Button PART_MinWindowButton = null;          /// <summary>         /// 设置重写默认样式         /// </summary>         static AiWindow()         {             StyleProperty.OverrideMetadata(typeof(AiWindow), new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(AiResourceHelper.GetStyle(nameof(AiWindow) + "Style")));         }           /// <summary>         /// 顶部内容         /// </summary>         [Bindable(true)]         public object HeaderContent         {             get { return (object)GetValue(HeaderContentProperty); }             set { SetValue(HeaderContentProperty, value); }         }          // Using a DependencyProperty as the backing store for HeaderContent.  This enables animation, styling, binding, etc...         public static readonly DependencyProperty HeaderContentProperty =             DependencyProperty.Register("HeaderContent", typeof(object), typeof(AiWindow));           /// <summary>         /// 头部标题栏文字颜色         /// </summary>         [Bindable(true)]         public Brush HeaderForeground         {             get { return (Brush)GetValue(HeaderForegroundProperty); }             set { SetValue(HeaderForegroundProperty, value); }         }          // Using a DependencyProperty as the backing store for HeaderForeground.  This enables animation, styling, binding, etc...         public static readonly DependencyProperty HeaderForegroundProperty =             DependencyProperty.Register("HeaderForeground", typeof(Brush), typeof(AiWindow), new PropertyMetadata(Brushes.White));           /// <summary>         /// 头部标题栏背景色         /// </summary>         [Bindable(true)]         public Brush HeaderBackground         {             get { return (Brush)GetValue(HeaderBackgroundProperty); }             set { SetValue(HeaderBackgroundProperty, value); }         }          // Using a DependencyProperty as the backing store for MyProperty.  This enables animation, styling, binding, etc...         public static readonly DependencyProperty HeaderBackgroundProperty =             DependencyProperty.Register("HeaderBackground", typeof(Brush), typeof(AiWindow));         /// <summary>         /// 是否显示头部标题栏         /// </summary>         [Bindable(true)]         public bool IsShowHeader         {             get { return (bool)GetValue(IsShowHeaderProperty); }             set { SetValue(IsShowHeaderProperty, value); }         }          // Using a DependencyProperty as the backing store for IsShowHeader.  This enables animation, styling, binding, etc...         public static readonly DependencyProperty IsShowHeaderProperty =             DependencyProperty.Register("IsShowHeader", typeof(bool), typeof(AiWindow), new PropertyMetadata(false));          /// <summary>         /// 动画类型         /// </summary>         [Bindable(true)]         public AnimationType Type         {             get { return (AnimationType)GetValue(TypeProperty); }             set { SetValue(TypeProperty, value); }         }          // Using a DependencyProperty as the backing store for Type.  This enables animation, styling, binding, etc...         public static readonly DependencyProperty TypeProperty =             DependencyProperty.Register("Type", typeof(AnimationType), typeof(AiWindow), new PropertyMetadata(AnimationType.Default));            /// <summary>         /// 头部高度         /// </summary>         public int HeaderHeight         {             get { return (int)GetValue(HeaderHeightProperty); }             set { SetValue(HeaderHeightProperty, value); }         }          // Using a DependencyProperty as the backing store for HeaderHeight.  This enables animation, styling, binding, etc...         public static readonly DependencyProperty HeaderHeightProperty =             DependencyProperty.Register("HeaderHeight", typeof(int), typeof(AiWindow), new PropertyMetadata(50));               public override void OnApplyTemplate()         {             base.OnApplyTemplate();             PART_CloseWindowButton = GetTemplateChild("PART_CloseWindowButton") as Button;             PART_MaxWindowButton = GetTemplateChild("PART_MaxWindowButton") as Button;             PART_MinWindowButton = GetTemplateChild("PART_MinWindowButton") as Button;             if (PART_MaxWindowButton != null && PART_MinWindowButton != null && PART_CloseWindowButton != null)             {                 PART_MaxWindowButton.Click -= PART_MaxWindowButton_Click;                 PART_MinWindowButton.Click -= PART_MinWindowButton_Click;                 PART_CloseWindowButton.Click -= PART_CloseWindowButton_Click;                 PART_MaxWindowButton.Click += PART_MaxWindowButton_Click;                 PART_MinWindowButton.Click += PART_MinWindowButton_Click;                 PART_CloseWindowButton.Click += PART_CloseWindowButton_Click;             }         }          private void PART_CloseWindowButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)         {             Close();         }          private void PART_MinWindowButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)         {             WindowState = WindowState.Minimized;         }          private void PART_MaxWindowButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)         {             if (WindowState == WindowState.Normal)             {                 WindowState = WindowState.Maximized;             }             else             {                 WindowState = WindowState.Normal;             }         }          protected override void OnSourceInitialized(EventArgs e)         {             base.OnSourceInitialized(e);             if (SizeToContent == SizeToContent.WidthAndHeight && WindowChrome.GetWindowChrome(this) != null)             {                 InvalidateMeasure();             }         }     } }

注意：在自定义控件中，设置窗口标题的属性要在样式中进行绑定，所以需要定义为依赖属性。在此控件中用到的通用的类，则存放在Utils中。

3. 创建自定义控件样式

在Styles文件夹中，创建样式资源文件【AiWindowStyle.xaml】，并将样式的TargentType指定为Cotrols中创建的自定义类AiWindow。然后修改控件的Template属性，为其定义新的的ControlTemplate，来改变控件的样式。如下所示：

<ResourceDictionary     xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"     xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"     xmlns:Ai="clr-namespace:SmallSixUI.Templates.Controls">     <WindowChrome         x:Key="LayWindowChromeStyle"         CaptionHeight="56"         CornerRadius="0"         GlassFrameThickness="1"         NonClientFrameEdges="None"         ResizeBorderThickness="4"         UseAeroCaptionButtons="False" />     <Style x:Key="AiWindowStyle" TargetType="Ai:AiWindow">         <Setter Property="Background" Value="White" />         <Setter Property="HeaderBackground" Value="#23262E" />         <Setter Property="WindowChrome.WindowChrome">             <Setter.Value>                 <WindowChrome                     CaptionHeight="50"                     CornerRadius="0"                     GlassFrameThickness="1"                     NonClientFrameEdges="None"                     ResizeBorderThickness="4"                     UseAeroCaptionButtons="False" />             </Setter.Value>         </Setter>         <Setter Property="Template">             <Setter.Value>                 <ControlTemplate TargetType="Ai:AiWindow">                     <Border                         Height="{TemplateBinding HeaderHeight}"                         Background="{TemplateBinding Background}"                         BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}"                         BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}"                         ClipToBounds="True">                         <Border.Style>                             <Style TargetType="Border">                                 <Style.Triggers>                                     <DataTrigger Binding="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType=Ai:AiWindow}, Path=WindowState}" Value="Maximized">                                         <Setter Property="Padding" Value="7" />                                     </DataTrigger>                                 </Style.Triggers>                             </Style>                         </Border.Style>                         <Ai:AiTransition Style="{DynamicResource LayTransitionStyle}" Type="{TemplateBinding Type}">                             <Grid>                                 <Grid.RowDefinitions>                                     <RowDefinition Height="auto" />                                     <RowDefinition />                                 </Grid.RowDefinitions>                                 <Grid                                     x:Name="PART_Header"                                     Background="{TemplateBinding HeaderBackground}">                                     <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>                                         <ColumnDefinition Width="auto" />                                         <ColumnDefinition Width="auto" />                                         <ColumnDefinition Width="*" />                                         <ColumnDefinition Width="auto" />                                     </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>                                     <Image                                         x:Name="Icon"                                         Width="32"                                         Height="32"                                         Margin="5"                                         Source="{TemplateBinding Icon}"                                         Stretch="Fill" />                                     <TextBlock                                         x:Name="HeaderText"                                         Grid.Column="1"                                         Margin="5,0"                                         FontSize="13"                                         VerticalAlignment="Center"                                         Foreground="{TemplateBinding HeaderForeground}"                                         Text="{TemplateBinding Title}" />                                     <ContentPresenter                                         Grid.Column="2"                                         ContentSource="HeaderContent"                                         WindowChrome.IsHitTestVisibleInChrome="true" />                                     <StackPanel Grid.Column="3" Orientation="Horizontal">                                         <StackPanel.Resources>                                             <ControlTemplate x:Key="WindowButtonTemplate" TargetType="Button">                                                 <Grid x:Name="body" Background="Transparent">                                                     <Border                                                         Margin="3"                                                         Background="Transparent"                                                         WindowChrome.IsHitTestVisibleInChrome="True" />                                                     <ContentPresenter HorizontalAlignment="{TemplateBinding HorizontalContentAlignment}" VerticalAlignment="{TemplateBinding VerticalContentAlignment}" />                                                 </Grid>                                                 <ControlTemplate.Triggers>                                                     <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">                                                         <Setter TargetName="body" Property="Background">                                                             <Setter.Value>                                                                 <SolidColorBrush Opacity="0.1" Color="Black" />                                                             </Setter.Value>                                                         </Setter>                                                     </Trigger>                                                 </ControlTemplate.Triggers>                                             </ControlTemplate>                                         </StackPanel.Resources>                                         <Button                                             x:Name="PART_MinWindowButton"                                             Width="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=Self}, Path=ActualHeight}"                                             Cursor="Hand"                                             Template="{DynamicResource WindowButtonTemplate}">                                             <Path                                                 Width="15"                                                 Height="2"                                                 Data="M772.963422 533.491105l-528.06716 0c-12.38297 0-22.514491-10.131521-22.514491-22.514491l0 0c0-12.38297 10.131521-22.514491 22.514491-22.514491l528.06716 0c12.38297 0 22.514491 10.131521 22.514491 22.514491l0 0C795.477913 523.359584 785.346392 533.491105 772.963422 533.491105z"                                                 Fill="{TemplateBinding HeaderForeground}"                                                 IsHitTestVisible="false"                                                 Stretch="Fill" />                                         </Button>                                         <Button                                             x:Name="PART_MaxWindowButton"                                             Width="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=Self}, Path=ActualHeight}"                                             Cursor="Hand"                                             Template="{DynamicResource WindowButtonTemplate}">                                             <Path                                                 x:Name="winCnangePath"                                                 Width="15"                                                 Height="15"                                                 Data="M10.62,72a9.92,9.92,0,0,1-4-.86A11.15,11.15,0,0,1,.86,65.43,9.92,9.92,0,0,1,0,61.38V25A9.86,9.86,0,0,1,.86,21,11.32,11.32,0,0,1,3.18,17.6a11,11,0,0,1,3.38-2.32,9.68,9.68,0,0,1,4.06-.87H47a9.84,9.84,0,0,1,4.08.87A11,11,0,0,1,56.72,21,9.84,9.84,0,0,1,57.59,25V61.38a9.68,9.68,0,0,1-.87,4.06,11,11,0,0,1-2.32,3.38A11.32,11.32,0,0,1,51,71.14,9.86,9.86,0,0,1,47,72Zm36.17-7.21a3.39,3.39,0,0,0,1.39-.28,3.79,3.79,0,0,0,1.16-.77,3.47,3.47,0,0,0,1.07-2.53v-36a3.55,3.55,0,0,0-.28-1.41,3.51,3.51,0,0,0-.77-1.16,3.67,3.67,0,0,0-1.16-.77,3.55,3.55,0,0,0-1.41-.28h-36a3.45,3.45,0,0,0-1.39.28,3.59,3.59,0,0,0-1.14.79,3.79,3.79,0,0,0-.77,1.16,3.39,3.39,0,0,0-.28,1.39v36a3.45,3.45,0,0,0,.28,1.39A3.62,3.62,0,0,0,9.4,64.51a3.45,3.45,0,0,0,1.39.28Zm18-43.45a13.14,13.14,0,0,0-1.16-5.5,14.41,14.41,0,0,0-3.14-4.5,15,15,0,0,0-4.61-3,14.14,14.14,0,0,0-5.5-1.1H15A10.73,10.73,0,0,1,21.88.51,10.93,10.93,0,0,1,25.21,0H50.38a20.82,20.82,0,0,1,8.4,1.71A21.72,21.72,0,0,1,70.29,13.18,20.91,20.91,0,0,1,72,21.59v25.2a10.93,10.93,0,0,1-.51,3.33A10.71,10.71,0,0,1,70,53.05a10.84,10.84,0,0,1-2.28,2.36,10.66,10.66,0,0,1-3,1.58Z"                                                 Fill="{TemplateBinding HeaderForeground}"                                                 IsHitTestVisible="false"                                                 Stretch="Fill" />                                         </Button>                                         <Button                                             x:Name="PART_CloseWindowButton"                                             Width="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=Self}, Path=ActualHeight}"                                             Cursor="Hand"                                             Template="{DynamicResource WindowButtonTemplate}">                                             <Path                                                 Width="15"                                                 Height="15"                                                 Data="M550.848 502.496l308.64-308.896a31.968 31.968 0 1 0-45.248-45.248l-308.608 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<Setter TargetName="winCnangePath" Property="Data" Value="M10.62,72a9.92,9.92,0,0,1-4-.86A11.15,11.15,0,0,1,.86,65.43,9.92,9.92,0,0,1,0,61.38V10.62a9.92,9.92,0,0,1,.86-4A11.15,11.15,0,0,1,6.57.86a9.92,9.92,0,0,1,4-.86H61.38a9.92,9.92,0,0,1,4.05.86,11.15,11.15,0,0,1,5.71,5.71,9.92,9.92,0,0,1,.86,4V61.38a9.92,9.92,0,0,1-.86,4.05,11.15,11.15,0,0,1-5.71,5.71,9.92,9.92,0,0,1-4.05.86Zm50.59-7.21a3.45,3.45,0,0,0,1.39-.28,3.62,3.62,0,0,0,1.91-1.91,3.45,3.45,0,0,0,.28-1.39V10.79a3.45,3.45,0,0,0-.28-1.39A3.62,3.62,0,0,0,62.6,7.49a3.45,3.45,0,0,0-1.39-.28H10.79a3.45,3.45,0,0,0-1.39.28A3.62,3.62,0,0,0,7.49,9.4a3.45,3.45,0,0,0-.28,1.39V61.21a3.45,3.45,0,0,0,.28,1.39A3.62,3.62,0,0,0,9.4,64.51a3.45,3.45,0,0,0,1.39.28Z" />                         </Trigger>                         <Trigger Property="IsShowHeader" Value="false">                             <Setter TargetName="PART_Header" Property="Visibility" Value="Collapsed" />                         </Trigger>                         <Trigger Property="ResizeMode" Value="NoResize">                             <Setter TargetName="PART_MaxWindowButton" Property="Visibility" Value="Collapsed" />                         </Trigger>                         <Trigger Property="Icon" Value="{x:Null}">                             <Setter TargetName="Icon" Property="Visibility" Value="Collapsed" />                         </Trigger>                         <Trigger SourceName="HeaderText" Property="Text" Value="">                             <Setter TargetName="HeaderText" Property="Visibility" Value="Collapsed" />                         </Trigger>                         <Trigger SourceName="HeaderText" Property="Text" Value="{x:Null}">                             <Setter TargetName="HeaderText" Property="Visibility" Value="Collapsed" />                         </Trigger>                     </ControlTemplate.Triggers>                 </ControlTemplate>             </Setter.Value>         </Setter>     </Style> </ResourceDictionary>

4. 创建默认主题

在Themes文件夹中，创建主题资源文件【Generic.xaml】，并在主题资源文件中，引用上述创建的样式资源，如下所示：

<ResourceDictionary xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"                     xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml">     <ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>         <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/SmallSixUI.Templates;component/Styles/AiWindowStyle.xaml"></ResourceDictionary>         <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/SmallSixUI.Templates;component/Styles/AiTransitionStyle.xaml"></ResourceDictionary>     </ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries> </ResourceDictionary>

主题：主题资源文件，是为了整合一组资源样式，来形成一套主题。同一主题之内，风格统一；不同主题之间相互独立，风格迥异。

应用自定义控件库

1. 创建应用程序

在解决方案中，创建WPF应用程序【SmallSixUI.App】，并引用控件库【SmallSixUI.Templates】，如下所示：

WPF自定义控件库之Window窗口

2. 引入主题资源

在应用程序的启动类App.xaml中，引入主题资源文件，如下所示：

<Application x:Class="SmallSixUI.App.App"              xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"              xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"              xmlns:local="clr-namespace:SmallSixUI.App"              StartupUri="MainWindow.xaml">     <Application.Resources>         <ResourceDictionary>             <ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>                 <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/SmallSixUI.Templates;component/Themes/Generic.xaml"></ResourceDictionary>             </ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>         </ResourceDictionary>     </Application.Resources> </Application>

3. 创建测试窗口

在应用程序中，创建测试窗口【SmallSixWindow.xaml】，添加控件库命名控件【Ai】，并修改窗口的继承类为【AiWindow】，然后设置窗口的背景色，logo，标题等，如下所示：

SmallSixWindow.xaml文件中，如下所示：

<Ai:AiWindow x:Class="SmallSixUI.App.SmallSixWindow"         xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"         xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"         xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"         xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"         xmlns:Ai="clr-namespace:SmallSixUI.Templates.Controls;assembly=SmallSixUI.Templates"         xmlns:local="clr-namespace:SmallSixUI.App"         mc:Ignorable="d"         IsShowHeader="True"         HeaderBackground="#446180"         HeaderHeight="80"         Icon="logo.png"          Title="小六公子的UI设计窗口" Height="450" Width="800">     <Grid>              </Grid> </Ai:AiWindow>

SmallSixWindow.xaml.cs中修改继承类，如下所示：

using SmallSixUI.Templates.Controls; using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Windows; using System.Windows.Controls; using System.Windows.Data; using System.Windows.Documents; using System.Windows.Input; using System.Windows.Media; using System.Windows.Media.Imaging; using System.Windows.Shapes;  namespace SmallSixUI.App {     /// <summary>     /// XWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑     /// </summary>     public partial class SmallSixWindow : AiWindow     {         public SmallSixWindow()         {             InitializeComponent();         }     } }