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所属分类:.NET技术
参数模型
CRC即循环冗余校验码(Cyclic Redundancy Check):是数据通信领域中最常用的一种查错校验码,其特征是信息字段和校验字段的长度可以任意选定。循环冗余检查(CRC)是一种数据传输检错功能,对数据进行多项式计算,并将得到的结果附在帧的后面,接收设备也执行类似的算法,以保证数据传输的正确性和完整性。
CRC算法参数模型解释:
- NAME:参数模型名称。
- WIDTH:宽度,即CRC比特数。
- POLY:生成项的简写,以16进制表示。例如:CRC-32即是0x04C11DB7,忽略了最高位的"1",即完整的生成项是0x104C11DB7。
- INIT:这是算法开始时寄存器(crc)的初始化预置值,十六进制表示。
- REFIN:待测数据的每个字节是否按位反转,True或False。
- REFOUT:在计算后之后,异或输出之前,整个数据是否按位反转,True或False。
- XOROUT:计算结果与此参数异或后得到最终的CRC值。
常见CRC参数模型如下:
CRC算法名称 | 多项式公式 | 宽度 | 多项式 | 初始值 | 结果异或值 | 输入反转 | 输出反转 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CRC-4/ITU | x4 + x + 1 | 4 | 03 | 00 | 00 | true | true |
CRC-5/EPC | x5 + x3 + 1 | 5 | 09 | 09 | 00 | false | false |
CRC-5/ITU | x5 + x4 + x2 + 1 | 5 | 15 | 00 | 00 | true | true |
CRC-5/USB | x5 + x2 + 1 | 5 | 05 | 1F | 1F | true | true |
CRC-6/ITU | x6 + x + 1 | 6 | 03 | 00 | 00 | true | true |
CRC-7/MMC | x7 + x3 + 1 | 7 | 09 | 00 | 00 | false | false |
CRC-8 | x8 + x2 + x + 1 | 8 | 07 | 00 | 00 | false | false |
CRC-8/ITU | x8 + x2 + x + 1 | 8 | 07 | 00 | 55 | false | false |
CRC-8/ROHC | x8 + x2 + x + 1 | 8 | 07 | FF | 00 | true | true |
CRC-8/MAXIM | x8 + x5 + x4 + 1 | 8 | 31 | 00 | 00 | true | true |
CRC-16/IBM | x16 + x15 + x2 + 1 | 16 | 8005 | 0000 | 0000 | true | true |
CRC-16/MAXIM | x16 + x15 + x2 + 1 | 16 | 8005 | 0000 | FFFF | true | true |
CRC-16/USB | x16 + x15 + x2 + 1 | 16 | 8005 | FFFF | FFFF | true | true |
CRC-16/MODBUS | x16 + x15 + x2 + 1 | 16 | 8005 | FFFF | 0000 | true | true |
CRC-16/CCITT | x16 + x12 + x5 + 1 | 16 | 1021 | 0000 | 0000 | true | true |
CRC-16/CCITT-FALSE | x16 + x12 + x5 + 1 | 16 | 1021 | FFFF | 0000 | false | false |
CRC-16/X25 | x16 + x12 + x5 + 1 | 16 | 1021 | FFFF | FFFF | true | true |
CRC-16/XMODEM | x16 + x12 + x5 + 1 | 16 | 1021 | 0000 | 0000 | false | false |
CRC-16/DNP | x16 + x13 + x12 + x11 + x10 + x8 + x6 + x5 + x2 + 1 | 16 | 3D65 | 0000 | FFFF | true | true |
CRC-32 | x32 + x26 + x23 + x22 + x16 + x12 + x11 + x10 + x8 + x7 + x5 + x4 + x2 + x + 1 | 32 | 04C11DB7 | FFFFFFFF | FFFFFFFF | true | true |
CRC-32/MPEG-2 | x32 + x26 + x23 + x22 + x16 + x12 + x11 + x10 + x8 + x7 + x5 + x4 + x2 + x + 1 | 32 | 04C11DB7 | FFFFFFFF | 00000000 | false | false |
注:CRC算法选取的多项式会影响算法本身检查错误的能力,运用时不可随意定义多项式,选择一个通用的CRC多项式即可。
算法实现
此处只给出CRC-32算法的查表法代码实现,该算法的应用有ZIP、RAR、IEEE 802 LAN/FDDI、IEEE 1394、PPP-FCS等。
代码如下:
public static class Crc32 { // CRC计算表(取决于多项式和输入是否反转) static readonly uint[] crcTable = new uint[256] { 0x00000000u, 0x77073096u, 0xee0e612cu, 0x990951bau, 0x076dc419u, 0x706af48fu, 0xe963a535u, 0x9e6495a3u, 0x0edb8832u, 0x79dcb8a4u, 0xe0d5e91eu, 0x97d2d988u, 0x09b64c2bu, 0x7eb17cbdu, 0xe7b82d07u, 0x90bf1d91u, 0x1db71064u, 0x6ab020f2u, 0xf3b97148u, 0x84be41deu, 0x1adad47du, 0x6ddde4ebu, 0xf4d4b551u, 0x83d385c7u, 0x136c9856u, 0x646ba8c0u, 0xfd62f97au, 0x8a65c9ecu, 0x14015c4fu, 0x63066cd9u, 0xfa0f3d63u, 0x8d080df5u, 0x3b6e20c8u, 0x4c69105eu, 0xd56041e4u, 0xa2677172u, 0x3c03e4d1u, 0x4b04d447u, 0xd20d85fdu, 0xa50ab56bu, 0x35b5a8fau, 0x42b2986cu, 0xdbbbc9d6u, 0xacbcf940u, 0x32d86ce3u, 0x45df5c75u, 0xdcd60dcfu, 0xabd13d59u, 0x26d930acu, 0x51de003au, 0xc8d75180u, 0xbfd06116u, 0x21b4f4b5u, 0x56b3c423u, 0xcfba9599u, 0xb8bda50fu, 0x2802b89eu, 0x5f058808u, 0xc60cd9b2u, 0xb10be924u, 0x2f6f7c87u, 0x58684c11u, 0xc1611dabu, 0xb6662d3du, 0x76dc4190u, 0x01db7106u, 0x98d220bcu, 0xefd5102au, 0x71b18589u, 0x06b6b51fu, 0x9fbfe4a5u, 0xe8b8d433u, 0x7807c9a2u, 0x0f00f934u, 0x9609a88eu, 0xe10e9818u, 0x7f6a0dbbu, 0x086d3d2du, 0x91646c97u, 0xe6635c01u, 0x6b6b51f4u, 0x1c6c6162u, 0x856530d8u, 0xf262004eu, 0x6c0695edu, 0x1b01a57bu, 0x8208f4c1u, 0xf50fc457u, 0x65b0d9c6u, 0x12b7e950u, 0x8bbeb8eau, 0xfcb9887cu, 0x62dd1ddfu, 0x15da2d49u, 0x8cd37cf3u, 0xfbd44c65u, 0x4db26158u, 0x3ab551ceu, 0xa3bc0074u, 0xd4bb30e2u, 0x4adfa541u, 0x3dd895d7u, 0xa4d1c46du, 0xd3d6f4fbu, 0x4369e96au, 0x346ed9fcu, 0xad678846u, 0xda60b8d0u, 0x44042d73u, 0x33031de5u, 0xaa0a4c5fu, 0xdd0d7cc9u, 0x5005713cu, 0x270241aau, 0xbe0b1010u, 0xc90c2086u, 0x5768b525u, 0x206f85b3u, 0xb966d409u, 0xce61e49fu, 0x5edef90eu, 0x29d9c998u, 0xb0d09822u, 0xc7d7a8b4u, 0x59b33d17u, 0x2eb40d81u, 0xb7bd5c3bu, 0xc0ba6cadu, 0xedb88320u, 0x9abfb3b6u, 0x03b6e20cu, 0x74b1d29au, 0xead54739u, 0x9dd277afu, 0x04db2615u, 0x73dc1683u, 0xe3630b12u, 0x94643b84u, 0x0d6d6a3eu, 0x7a6a5aa8u, 0xe40ecf0bu, 0x9309ff9du, 0x0a00ae27u, 0x7d079eb1u, 0xf00f9344u, 0x8708a3d2u, 0x1e01f268u, 0x6906c2feu, 0xf762575du, 0x806567cbu, 0x196c3671u, 0x6e6b06e7u, 0xfed41b76u, 0x89d32be0u, 0x10da7a5au, 0x67dd4accu, 0xf9b9df6fu, 0x8ebeeff9u, 0x17b7be43u, 0x60b08ed5u, 0xd6d6a3e8u, 0xa1d1937eu, 0x38d8c2c4u, 0x4fdff252u, 0xd1bb67f1u, 0xa6bc5767u, 0x3fb506ddu, 0x48b2364bu, 0xd80d2bdau, 0xaf0a1b4cu, 0x36034af6u, 0x41047a60u, 0xdf60efc3u, 0xa867df55u, 0x316e8eefu, 0x4669be79u, 0xcb61b38cu, 0xbc66831au, 0x256fd2a0u, 0x5268e236u, 0xcc0c7795u, 0xbb0b4703u, 0x220216b9u, 0x5505262fu, 0xc5ba3bbeu, 0xb2bd0b28u, 0x2bb45a92u, 0x5cb36a04u, 0xc2d7ffa7u, 0xb5d0cf31u, 0x2cd99e8bu, 0x5bdeae1du, 0x9b64c2b0u, 0xec63f226u, 0x756aa39cu, 0x026d930au, 0x9c0906a9u, 0xeb0e363fu, 0x72076785u, 0x05005713u, 0x95bf4a82u, 0xe2b87a14u, 0x7bb12baeu, 0x0cb61b38u, 0x92d28e9bu, 0xe5d5be0du, 0x7cdcefb7u, 0x0bdbdf21u, 0x86d3d2d4u, 0xf1d4e242u, 0x68ddb3f8u, 0x1fda836eu, 0x81be16cdu, 0xf6b9265bu, 0x6fb077e1u, 0x18b74777u, 0x88085ae6u, 0xff0f6a70u, 0x66063bcau, 0x11010b5cu, 0x8f659effu, 0xf862ae69u, 0x616bffd3u, 0x166ccf45u, 0xa00ae278u, 0xd70dd2eeu, 0x4e048354u, 0x3903b3c2u, 0xa7672661u, 0xd06016f7u, 0x4969474du, 0x3e6e77dbu, 0xaed16a4au, 0xd9d65adcu, 0x40df0b66u, 0x37d83bf0u, 0xa9bcae53u, 0xdebb9ec5u, 0x47b2cf7fu, 0x30b5ffe9u, 0xbdbdf21cu, 0xcabac28au, 0x53b39330u, 0x24b4a3a6u, 0xbad03605u, 0xcdd70693u, 0x54de5729u, 0x23d967bfu, 0xb3667a2eu, 0xc4614ab8u, 0x5d681b02u, 0x2a6f2b94u, 0xb40bbe37u, 0xc30c8ea1u, 0x5a05df1bu, 0x2d02ef8du }; public static readonly string Name = "CRC-32"; public static uint Compute(byte[] buffer) { if (buffer == null) { throw new ArgumentException("参数异常,请检查调用方"); } return Compute(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); } public static uint Compute(byte[] buffer, int offset, int length) { if(!((buffer != null) && (offset >= 0) && (length >= 0) && (offset <= buffer.Length - length))) { throw new ArgumentException("参数异常,请检查调用方"); } //寄存器初始值 uint crc32= 0xffffffffU; while (--length >= 0) { //查表运算(取决于宽度和输出是否反转) crc32 = crcTable[(crc32 ^ buffer[offset++]) & 0xFF] ^ (crc32 >> 8); } //结果异或 crc32 ^= 0xffffffffU; return crc32; } }
测试如下:
byte[] data = new byte[] { 0x01, 0x02 , 0x03, 0x04 }; uint crc32 = Crc32.Compute(data); byte[] crc32Ary = BitConverter.GetBytes(crc32); string crc32Str = ""; for (int i = crc32Ary.Length-1; i >=0; i--) { crc32Str += crc32Ary[i].ToString("X2"); } Console.WriteLine(crc32Str); Console.ReadLine();
测试结果:
B63CFBCD