WPF 3D穿梭效果,用WPF也凑凑热闹

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摘要

CSS 效果博客地址:3D 穿梭效果?使用 CSS 轻松搞定 – ChokCoco – 博客园 (cnblogs.com)

CSS 效果博客地址:

3D 穿梭效果?使用 CSS 轻松搞定 - ChokCoco - 博客园 (cnblogs.com)

UWP效果博客地址

3D 穿梭效果?使用 UWP 也能搞定 - dino.c - 博客园 (cnblogs.com)

大佬们真实登峰造极啊。

真是能学到很多东西啊。

 

我也就凑凑热闹,用WPF来试试,效果不算太好,勉强过得去吧。

WPF 3D穿梭效果,用WPF也凑凑热闹

 

相对CSS和UWP,老牌的WPF对于3D效果的操作是相对繁琐的。 要首先做出3D模型,接着旋转XY轴,其次调整Z轴拉伸,最后一步调整FOV。 穿梭效果要靠这Z轴拉伸的数字决定,图中是10-20。

当然最难的是动画的首尾衔接。

我们来一步一步的做。

 

制作3D模型

这一块可以直接用不用2D控件其实没啥可以研究,所以就直接是3D模型,让图片以贴图的形式存在。

至于3D模型制作,总结一点就是由左到右开始。

1.Positions

3D模型是三角组成,所以描述一个物体的样子时候,尽可能画三角形。每个点就是顶点,如果存在相同的顶点,选择一个就行。

描述顶点的时候是XYZ,当你正面看物体,物体的Z轴是指向你的方向为正方向。Y轴是向上为正,X轴是向右为正。

WPF 3D穿梭效果,用WPF也凑凑热闹

这里值得注意的是,为了方便 ,建议使用左  左下 右下 右上的顺序去定义点。 

WPF 3D穿梭效果,用WPF也凑凑热闹

 

这个模型的顶点定义就是 P1(x,y,z), P2(x,y,z) ,P3(x,y,z) ,P4(x,y,z)

 

2.TriangleIndices

这个就是 描述 这些顶点是如何组成三角形。当我们认为一个面是正面时,要记得逆时针定义顶点集合下标。顶点集合就是Positions,内容就是你输入的坐标点,下标由0开始。

背面为顺时针。

 

3.TextureCoordinates

这个是材质的定位顺序,这个比较2D坐标系,和其他的不同。也就是左上角为0,0 右下角为1,1,也就是普通的屏幕坐标系

 

做好模型,要做四个哦。

WPF 3D穿梭效果,用WPF也凑凑热闹

 

 

 

 

 

旋转3d模型

这个就比较有意思了,上面模型做好了四个,我们要组成四个面,也就是旋转Y轴,旋转X轴,但是方向是不一样的。旋转我们使用Transform就可以了。

WPF 3D穿梭效果,用WPF也凑凑热闹

 看起来还行。

我们来做四个图片并试试。

方便调试,我们带着进度条。

资源

  <MeshGeometry3D x:Key="Rect3D_O">             <MeshGeometry3D.Positions>                 -50,  50, 0,               -50, -50, 0,                50, -50, 0,                50,  50, 0             </MeshGeometry3D.Positions>             <MeshGeometry3D.TriangleIndices>                 0 1 2 2 3 0             </MeshGeometry3D.TriangleIndices>             <MeshGeometry3D.TextureCoordinates>                 0,0 0,1 1,1 1,0             </MeshGeometry3D.TextureCoordinates>             <MeshGeometry3D.Normals>                 0,0,1,                 0,0,1,                 0,0,1,                  0,0,1             </MeshGeometry3D.Normals>         </MeshGeometry3D>         <DiffuseMaterial  x:Key="Img">             <DiffuseMaterial.Brush>                 <ImageBrush ImageSource="start.jpg" />             </DiffuseMaterial.Brush>         </DiffuseMaterial>

 

 <Viewport3D  x:Name="View3D_2"    >             <Viewport3D.Camera>                 <PerspectiveCamera   FieldOfView="{Binding ElementName=FOV, Path=Value}" Position="0,0,100" LookDirection="0,0,-1"/>             </Viewport3D.Camera>             <ModelVisual3D>                 <ModelVisual3D.Content>                     <Model3DGroup>                         <AmbientLight Color="White"/>                         <GeometryModel3D   Geometry="{StaticResource Rect3D_O}"  Material="{StaticResource Img}" BackMaterial="{StaticResource Img}" >                             <GeometryModel3D.Transform>                                 <Transform3DGroup>                                     <RotateTransform3D CenterX="0" CenterY="1" CenterZ="0">                                         <RotateTransform3D.Rotation>                                             <AxisAngleRotation3D Angle="{Binding ElementName=Left_Top_Z, Path=Value}" Axis="0 1 0"/>                                         </RotateTransform3D.Rotation>                                     </RotateTransform3D>                                     <ScaleTransform3D ScaleZ="{Binding  ElementName=ScaleZ_2, Path=Value}"/>                                 </Transform3DGroup>                             </GeometryModel3D.Transform>                         </GeometryModel3D>                         <GeometryModel3D   Geometry="{StaticResource Rect3D_O}"  Material="{StaticResource Img}" BackMaterial="{StaticResource Img}" >                             <GeometryModel3D.Transform>                                 <Transform3DGroup>                                     <RotateTransform3D CenterX="0" CenterY="1" CenterZ="0">                                         <RotateTransform3D.Rotation>                                             <AxisAngleRotation3D Angle="{Binding ElementName=Left_Top_Z, Path=Value}" Axis="1 0 0"/>                                         </RotateTransform3D.Rotation>                                     </RotateTransform3D>                                     <ScaleTransform3D ScaleZ="{Binding  ElementName=ScaleZ_2, Path=Value}"/>                                 </Transform3DGroup>                             </GeometryModel3D.Transform>                         </GeometryModel3D>                         <GeometryModel3D   Geometry="{StaticResource Rect3D_O}"  Material="{StaticResource Img}" BackMaterial="{StaticResource Img}" >                             <GeometryModel3D.Transform>                                 <Transform3DGroup>                                     <RotateTransform3D CenterX="0" CenterY="1" CenterZ="0">                                         <RotateTransform3D.Rotation>                                             <AxisAngleRotation3D Angle="{Binding ElementName=Right_Bottom_Z, Path=Value}" Axis="0 1 0"/>                                         </RotateTransform3D.Rotation>                                     </RotateTransform3D>                                     <ScaleTransform3D ScaleZ="{Binding  ElementName=ScaleZ_2, Path=Value}"/>                                 </Transform3DGroup>                             </GeometryModel3D.Transform>                         </GeometryModel3D>                         <GeometryModel3D   Geometry="{StaticResource Rect3D_O}"  Material="{StaticResource Img}" BackMaterial="{StaticResource Img}" >                             <GeometryModel3D.Transform>                                 <Transform3DGroup>                                     <RotateTransform3D CenterX="0" CenterY="1" CenterZ="0">                                         <RotateTransform3D.Rotation>                                             <AxisAngleRotation3D Angle="{Binding ElementName=Right_Bottom_Z, Path=Value}" Axis="1 0 0"/>                                         </RotateTransform3D.Rotation>                                     </RotateTransform3D>                                     <ScaleTransform3D ScaleZ="{Binding  ElementName=ScaleZ_2, Path=Value}"/>                                 </Transform3DGroup>                             </GeometryModel3D.Transform>                         </GeometryModel3D>                     </Model3DGroup>                 </ModelVisual3D.Content>             </ModelVisual3D>         </Viewport3D>                <Slider   Grid.Row="1" x:Name="Left_Top_Z" Minimum="-90" Value="12"  Maximum="90" ToolTip="{Binding  RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=Self}, Path=Value}"/>         <Slider   Grid.Row="2" x:Name="Right_Bottom_Z" Minimum="-90"  Value="-12" Maximum="0"  ToolTip="{Binding  RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=Self}, Path=Value}"/>         <Slider   Grid.Row="3" x:Name="ScaleZ_2" Background="Red" Minimum="10"  Maximum="100"  ToolTip="{Binding  RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=Self}, Path=Value}">             <Slider.Style >                 <Style TargetType="Slider">                     <Style.Triggers>                         <Trigger Property="Tag" Value="1">                             <Trigger.EnterActions>                                 <BeginStoryboard >                                     <Storyboard>                                         <DoubleAnimation  RepeatBehavior="Forever"  Storyboard.TargetProperty="Value"   From="11" To="20" BeginTime="0:0:0"   Duration="0:0:10" />                                     </Storyboard>                                 </BeginStoryboard>                             </Trigger.EnterActions>                         </Trigger>                     </Style.Triggers>                 </Style>             </Slider.Style>         </Slider>         <Slider   Grid.Row="4" x:Name="FOV" Minimum="0"  Maximum="180" Value="176" ToolTip="{Binding  RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=Self}, Path=Value}"/>

 

运行,看看

WPF 3D穿梭效果,用WPF也凑凑热闹

 

看起来,有点味道了。

剩下就是调试动画了。

我们想要首尾衔接的动画,实际上就是要两段动画看不出首尾的区别。参考大佬们的基本思路,依靠透明度,延迟播放让首尾看不出区别。

WPF 3D穿梭效果,用WPF也凑凑热闹

 

 

也就是说要

WPF 3D穿梭效果,用WPF也凑凑热闹

 

 

 

 

 

 

这里呢,我们纯用XAML来实现这个方案。

首先要解决定时问题,首先页面加载时,我们通过动画修改某个对象的某个值 ,这个对象上存在一个触发器,监控这个对象并开始定时,之后播放动画。

修改值,我们要用ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames动画。

触发器,数值触发器,因为可以绑定。

整个过程中,最重要的就是时间线,两组动画再何时出现,何时隐藏。

WPF 3D穿梭效果,用WPF也凑凑热闹

 

最终代码

    <Window.Resources>         <Storyboard  RepeatBehavior="Forever"  Storyboard.TargetName="ScaleZ_2"  Duration="0:0:10"  x:Key="sb" >             <DoubleAnimation Storyboard.TargetName="ScaleZ_2" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Value"  From="11" To="20"     BeginTime="0:0:0"  Duration="0:0:10" />             <DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="Opacity" Storyboard.TargetName="View3D_2"   BeginTime="0:0:0" >                 <LinearDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0" Value="0"/>                 <LinearDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:2" Value="1"/>                 <LinearDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:6" Value="1"/>                 <LinearDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:10" Value="0"/>             </DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>         </Storyboard>                                                                                                                   <MeshGeometry3D x:Key="Rect3D_O">             <MeshGeometry3D.Positions>                 -50,  50, 0,               -50, -50, 0,                50, -50, 0,                50,  50, 0             </MeshGeometry3D.Positions>             <MeshGeometry3D.TriangleIndices>                 0 1 2 2 3 0             </MeshGeometry3D.TriangleIndices>             <MeshGeometry3D.TextureCoordinates>                 0,0 0,1 1,1 1,0             </MeshGeometry3D.TextureCoordinates>             <MeshGeometry3D.Normals>                 0,0,1,                 0,0,1,                 0,0,1,                  0,0,1             </MeshGeometry3D.Normals>         </MeshGeometry3D>         <DiffuseMaterial  x:Key="Img">             <DiffuseMaterial.Brush>                 <ImageBrush ImageSource="start.jpg" />             </DiffuseMaterial.Brush>         </DiffuseMaterial>     </Window.Resources>     <Window.Triggers>         <EventTrigger RoutedEvent="Loaded" SourceName="ScaleZ">             <BeginStoryboard>                 <Storyboard Storyboard.TargetName="ScaleZ" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Tag"     Duration="0:0:5.1" >                     <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>                         <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:5" >                             <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame.Value>                                 1                             </DiscreteObjectKeyFrame.Value>                         </DiscreteObjectKeyFrame>                     </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>                 </Storyboard>             </BeginStoryboard>             <BeginStoryboard Storyboard="{StaticResource sb}"/>         </EventTrigger>     </Window.Triggers>     <Grid >         <Grid.RowDefinitions>             <RowDefinition/>             <RowDefinition  Height="auto"/>             <RowDefinition  Height="auto"/>             <RowDefinition  Height="auto"/>             <RowDefinition  Height="auto"/>             <RowDefinition  Height="auto"/>             <RowDefinition  Height="auto"/>         </Grid.RowDefinitions>         <Viewport3D x:Name="View3D_1"    >             <Viewport3D.Style>                 <Style TargetType="Viewport3D" >                     <Style.Triggers>                         <DataTrigger Binding="{Binding ElementName=ScaleZ,Path=Value}" Value="1">                             <DataTrigger.EnterActions>                                 <BeginStoryboard >                                     <Storyboard>                                         <DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames  RepeatBehavior="Forever" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Opacity"  BeginTime="0:0:0"  Duration="0:0:10">                                             <LinearDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0" Value="0"/>                                             <LinearDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:5" Value="1"/>                                             <LinearDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:8" Value="1"/>                                             <LinearDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:10" Value="0"/>                                         </DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>                                     </Storyboard>                                 </BeginStoryboard>                             </DataTrigger.EnterActions>                         </DataTrigger>                     </Style.Triggers>                 </Style>             </Viewport3D.Style>             <Viewport3D.Camera>                 <PerspectiveCamera   FieldOfView="{Binding ElementName=FOV, Path=Value}" Position="0,0,100" LookDirection="0,0,-1"/>             </Viewport3D.Camera>             <ModelVisual3D>                 <ModelVisual3D.Content>                     <Model3DGroup>                         <AmbientLight Color="White"/>                         <GeometryModel3D   Geometry="{StaticResource Rect3D_O}"  Material="{StaticResource Img}" BackMaterial="{StaticResource Img}" >                             <GeometryModel3D.Transform>                                 <Transform3DGroup>                                     <RotateTransform3D CenterX="0" CenterY="1" CenterZ="0">                                         <RotateTransform3D.Rotation>                                             <AxisAngleRotation3D Angle="{Binding ElementName=Left_Top_Z, Path=Value}" Axis="0 1 0"/>                                         </RotateTransform3D.Rotation>                                     </RotateTransform3D>                                     <ScaleTransform3D ScaleZ="{Binding  ElementName=ScaleZ, Path=Value}"/>                                 </Transform3DGroup>                             </GeometryModel3D.Transform>                         </GeometryModel3D>                         <GeometryModel3D   Geometry="{StaticResource Rect3D_O}"  Material="{StaticResource Img}" BackMaterial="{StaticResource Img}" >                             <GeometryModel3D.Transform>                                 <Transform3DGroup>                                     <RotateTransform3D CenterX="0" CenterY="1" CenterZ="0">                                         <RotateTransform3D.Rotation>                                             <AxisAngleRotation3D Angle="{Binding ElementName=Left_Top_Z, Path=Value}" Axis="1 0 0"/>                                         </RotateTransform3D.Rotation>                                     </RotateTransform3D>                                     <ScaleTransform3D ScaleZ="{Binding  ElementName=ScaleZ, Path=Value}"/>                                 </Transform3DGroup>                             </GeometryModel3D.Transform>                         </GeometryModel3D>                         <GeometryModel3D   Geometry="{StaticResource Rect3D_O}"  Material="{StaticResource Img}" BackMaterial="{StaticResource Img}" >                             <GeometryModel3D.Transform>                                 <Transform3DGroup>                                     <RotateTransform3D CenterX="0" CenterY="1" CenterZ="0">                                         <RotateTransform3D.Rotation>                                             <AxisAngleRotation3D Angle="{Binding ElementName=Right_Bottom_Z, Path=Value}" Axis="0 1 0"/>                                         </RotateTransform3D.Rotation>                                     </RotateTransform3D>                                     <ScaleTransform3D ScaleZ="{Binding  ElementName=ScaleZ, Path=Value}"/>                                 </Transform3DGroup>                             </GeometryModel3D.Transform>                         </GeometryModel3D>                         <GeometryModel3D   Geometry="{StaticResource Rect3D_O}"  Material="{StaticResource Img}" BackMaterial="{StaticResource Img}" >                             <GeometryModel3D.Transform>                                 <Transform3DGroup>                                     <RotateTransform3D CenterX="0" CenterY="1" CenterZ="0">                                         <RotateTransform3D.Rotation>                                             <AxisAngleRotation3D Angle="{Binding ElementName=Right_Bottom_Z, Path=Value}" Axis="1 0 0"/>                                         </RotateTransform3D.Rotation>                                     </RotateTransform3D>                                     <ScaleTransform3D ScaleZ="{Binding  ElementName=ScaleZ, Path=Value}"/>                                 </Transform3DGroup>                             </GeometryModel3D.Transform>                         </GeometryModel3D>                     </Model3DGroup>                 </ModelVisual3D.Content>             </ModelVisual3D>         </Viewport3D>         <Viewport3D  x:Name="View3D_2"    >             <Viewport3D.Camera>                 <PerspectiveCamera   FieldOfView="{Binding ElementName=FOV, Path=Value}" Position="0,0,100" LookDirection="0,0,-1"/>             </Viewport3D.Camera>             <ModelVisual3D>                 <ModelVisual3D.Content>                     <Model3DGroup>                         <AmbientLight Color="White"/>                         <GeometryModel3D   Geometry="{StaticResource Rect3D_O}"  Material="{StaticResource Img}" BackMaterial="{StaticResource Img}" >                             <GeometryModel3D.Transform>                                 <Transform3DGroup>                                     <RotateTransform3D CenterX="0" CenterY="1" CenterZ="0">                                         <RotateTransform3D.Rotation>                                             <AxisAngleRotation3D Angle="{Binding ElementName=Left_Top_Z, Path=Value}" Axis="0 1 0"/>                                         </RotateTransform3D.Rotation>                                     </RotateTransform3D>                                     <ScaleTransform3D ScaleZ="{Binding  ElementName=ScaleZ_2, Path=Value}"/>                                 </Transform3DGroup>                             </GeometryModel3D.Transform>                         </GeometryModel3D>                         <GeometryModel3D   Geometry="{StaticResource Rect3D_O}"  Material="{StaticResource Img}" BackMaterial="{StaticResource Img}" >                             <GeometryModel3D.Transform>                                 <Transform3DGroup>                                     <RotateTransform3D CenterX="0" CenterY="1" CenterZ="0">                                         <RotateTransform3D.Rotation>                                             <AxisAngleRotation3D Angle="{Binding ElementName=Left_Top_Z, Path=Value}" Axis="1 0 0"/>                                         </RotateTransform3D.Rotation>                                     </RotateTransform3D>                                     <ScaleTransform3D ScaleZ="{Binding  ElementName=ScaleZ_2, Path=Value}"/>                                 </Transform3DGroup>                             </GeometryModel3D.Transform>                         </GeometryModel3D>                         <GeometryModel3D   Geometry="{StaticResource Rect3D_O}"  Material="{StaticResource Img}" BackMaterial="{StaticResource Img}" >                             <GeometryModel3D.Transform>                                 <Transform3DGroup>                                     <RotateTransform3D CenterX="0" CenterY="1" CenterZ="0">                                         <RotateTransform3D.Rotation>                                             <AxisAngleRotation3D Angle="{Binding ElementName=Right_Bottom_Z, Path=Value}" Axis="0 1 0"/>                                         </RotateTransform3D.Rotation>                                     </RotateTransform3D>                                     <ScaleTransform3D ScaleZ="{Binding  ElementName=ScaleZ_2, Path=Value}"/>                                 </Transform3DGroup>                             </GeometryModel3D.Transform>                         </GeometryModel3D>                         <GeometryModel3D   Geometry="{StaticResource Rect3D_O}"  Material="{StaticResource Img}" BackMaterial="{StaticResource Img}" >                             <GeometryModel3D.Transform>                                 <Transform3DGroup>                                     <RotateTransform3D CenterX="0" CenterY="1" CenterZ="0">                                         <RotateTransform3D.Rotation>                                             <AxisAngleRotation3D Angle="{Binding ElementName=Right_Bottom_Z, Path=Value}" Axis="1 0 0"/>                                         </RotateTransform3D.Rotation>                                     </RotateTransform3D>                                     <ScaleTransform3D ScaleZ="{Binding  ElementName=ScaleZ_2, Path=Value}"/>                                 </Transform3DGroup>                             </GeometryModel3D.Transform>                         </GeometryModel3D>                     </Model3DGroup>                 </ModelVisual3D.Content>             </ModelVisual3D>         </Viewport3D>                <Slider   Grid.Row="1" x:Name="Left_Top_Z" Minimum="-90" Value="12"  Maximum="90" ToolTip="{Binding  RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=Self}, Path=Value}"/>         <Slider   Grid.Row="2" x:Name="Right_Bottom_Z" Minimum="-90"  Value="-12" Maximum="0"  ToolTip="{Binding  RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=Self}, Path=Value}"/>         <Slider   Grid.Row="3" x:Name="ScaleZ" Background="Red" Minimum="10"  Maximum="100"  ToolTip="{Binding  RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=Self}, Path=Value}">             <Slider.Style >                 <Style TargetType="Slider">                     <Style.Triggers>                         <Trigger Property="Tag" Value="1">                             <Trigger.EnterActions>                                 <BeginStoryboard >                                     <Storyboard>                                         <DoubleAnimation  RepeatBehavior="Forever"  Storyboard.TargetProperty="Value"   From="11" To="20" BeginTime="0:0:0"   Duration="0:0:10" />                                     </Storyboard>                                 </BeginStoryboard>                             </Trigger.EnterActions>                         </Trigger>                     </Style.Triggers>                 </Style>             </Slider.Style>         </Slider>         <Slider   Grid.Row="4" x:Name="FOV" Minimum="0"  Maximum="180" Value="176" ToolTip="{Binding  RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=Self}, Path=Value}"/>         <Slider   Grid.Row="5" x:Name="ScaleZ_2" Background="Black" Minimum="10"  Maximum="100"  ToolTip="{Binding  RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=Self}, Path=Value}"/>         <StackPanel    Grid.Row="6" Orientation="Vertical">             <TextBlock>                 <Run Text=" View3D_1 透明度"/>                 <Run Text="{Binding ElementName=View3D_1, Path=Opacity}"/>                 <Run Text=" View3D_1 value"/>                 <Run Text="{Binding ElementName=ScaleZ, Path=Value}"/>                 <Run Text=" Tag value"/>                 <Run Text="{Binding ElementName=ScaleZ, Path=Tag}"/>                 <Run Text=" Zindex value"/>                 <Run Text="{Binding ElementName=View3D_1, Path=(Panel.ZIndex)}"/>             </TextBlock>             <TextBlock>                 <Run Text=" View3D_2 透明度"/>                 <Run Text="{Binding ElementName=View3D_2, Path=Opacity}"/>                 <Run Text=" View3D_2 value"/>                 <Run Text="{Binding ElementName=ScaleZ_2, Path=Value}"/>                 <Run Text=" Zindex value"/>                 <Run Text="{Binding ElementName=View3D_2, Path=(Panel.ZIndex)}"/>             </TextBlock>          </StackPanel>     </Grid>

 

这样呢,我们就不用任何C#代码来完成这个效果了。

WPF 3D穿梭效果,用WPF也凑凑热闹

 

 必须承认,在开头0秒时做的不是很好,略有重影,所以还有很多地方需要学习。